Unit: 1 Lesson 1(B) Folk Song

No.	Word	Bengali Meaning	Synonym	Antonym	Parts of Speech
1	People	মানুষ	human, public	individual	Noun
2	Folk	লোকজ	traditional	modern	Adjective
3	Music	সঙ্গীত	melody	silence	Noun
4	Tune	সুর	melody	discord	Noun
5	Lyrics	গানের কথা	words	silence	Noun
6	Knowledge	জ্ঞান	wisdom	ignorance	Noun
7	Orally	মুখে মুখে	verbally	written	Adverb
8	Generations	প্রজন্মসমূহ	descendants	ancestors	Noun
9	Evolved	বিকশিত	developed	declined	Verb
10	Agriculture	কৃষি	farming	industry	Noun
11	Ecology	পরিবেশবিদ্যা	environment	pollution	Noun
12	Seasons	ঋতুসমূহ	periods	timelessness	Noun
13	Rituals	আচার-অনুষ্ঠান	customs	neglect	Noun
14	Reflected	প্রতিফলিত	shown	hidden	Verb
15	Songs	গান	music	silence	Noun
16	Embody	প্রতিফলিত করা	represent	conceal	Verb
17	Expression	প্রকাশ	manifestation	suppression	Noun
18	Landscape	ভূদৃশ্য	scenery	emptiness	Noun
19	Changes	পরিবর্তন	transformation	stability	Noun
20	Diverse	বৈচিত্র্যময়	varied	similar	Adjective
21	Languages	ভাষাসমূহ	tongues	silence	Noun
22	Communities	সম্প্রদায়	groups	isolation	Noun
23	Instruments	বাদ্যযন্ত্র	tools	voice	Noun
24	Crafted	তৈরি করা	made	destroyed	Verb
25	Materials	উপকরণ	substances	waste	Noun
26	Surroundings	পরিবেশ	vicinity	distance	Noun
27	Bamboo	বাঁশ	cane	metal	Noun
28	Animal skin	পশুর চামড়া	hide	fur	Noun
29	Connected	সংযুক্ত	linked	separated	Adjective
30	Land	ভূমি	soil	sea	Noun
31	Produce	উৎপন্ন করা	create	destroy	Verb
32	Sounds	শব্দ	noise	silence	Noun
33	Cities	শহর	urban area	village	Noun
34	Villages	গ্রাম	rural area	city	Noun
35	Transform	রূপান্তরিত হওয়া	change	remain	Verb
36	Traditional	ঐতিহ্যবাহী	customary	modern	Adjective
37	Fading	বিলুপ্ত হওয়া	disappearing	emerging	Verb
38	However	তবে	but	therefore	Conjunction
39	Migrate	স্থানান্তরিত হওয়া	move	stay	Verb
40	Mainstream	মূলধারা	popular	marginal	Adjective
41	Films	চলচ্চিত্র	movies	drama	Noun
42	Albums	অ্যালবাম	collections	singles	Noun
43	Role	ভূমিকা	function	insignificance	Noun
44	Encounter	সম্মুখীন হওয়া	face	avoid	Verb
45	Ethnic	নৃগোষ্ঠীগত	tribal	universal	Adjective
46	Hill tracts	পার্বত্য অঞ্চল	highlands	plains	Noun
47	Example	উদাহরণ	instance	exception	Noun
48	Slowly	ধীরে ধীরে	gradually	quickly	Adverb
49	Place	স্থান	position	nowhere	Noun
50	Culture	সংস্কৃতি	tradition	barbarism	Noun

A. Multiple Choice Questions (50 MCQs)

1. What is another name for people’s music?
   a) Classical music
   b) Folk music ✅
   c) Pop music
   d) Jazz

2. How is folk music traditionally passed down?
   a) Written manuscripts
   b) Internet
   c) Orally ✅
   d) Radio

3. Folk music evolves over time according to:
   a) Weather only
   b) Agriculture, food, ecology, seasons, and rituals ✅
   c) Politics only
   d) Movies

4. Palligiti is a type of:
   a) Dance
   b) Folk song ✅
   c) Instrument
   d) Festival

5. Lalon Giti represents:
   a) Classical music
   b) Religious chant
   c) Folk music ✅
   d) Western music

6. Which of these is NOT mentioned as a folk song type?
   a) Bhatiwali
   b) Jari
   c) Rock ✅
   d) Gambhira

7. Folk music is closely tied to:
   a) Industrialization
   b) People’s lifestyle ✅
   c) Technology
   d) Urbanization

8. In the hill tracts, folk music is expressed in:
   a) Same language everywhere
   b) Diverse languages of ethnic communities ✅
   c) Only Bengali
   d) English

9. Traditional instruments are made from:
   a) Plastic
   b) Metals only
   c) Natural materials like bamboo, animal skin, calabash ✅
   d) Glass

10. Folk music instruments are deeply connected to:
    a) Urban areas
    b) The land they come from ✅
    c) Technology
    d) Schools

11. What happens to folk music as cities and villages transform?
    a) It disappears entirely
    b) It slowly fades ✅
    c) It becomes louder
    d) It becomes classical

12. Where does folk music still find its place?
    a) Movies and music albums ✅
    b) Factories
    c) Only rural homes
    d) Internet forums

13. Which instrument material is NOT mentioned?
    a) Bamboo
    b) Calabash
    c) Plastic ✅
    d) Animal skin

14. Gambhira songs originate from:
    a) Hill tracts
    b) Local villages ✅
    c) Cities
    d) Rivers

15. Folk music expresses:
    a) Wealth of people
    b) Self-expression of people ✅
    c) Political power
    d) Modern fashion

16. Bhatiwali songs are related to:
    a) River life ✅
    b) Mountain life
    c) Urban life
    d) School songs

17. Jari songs are mostly:
    a) Love songs
    b) Religious or historical songs ✅
    c) Pop songs
    d) Dance songs

18. Paalagan songs are related to:
    a) Heroic stories ✅
    b) Modern drama
    c) Movies
    d) Technology

19. As people migrate to cities, folk music:
    a) Disappears completely
    b) Finds its way into mainstream media ✅
    c) Becomes classical
    d) Becomes electronic

20. Folk music is an example of:
    a) Oral tradition ✅
    b) Written tradition
    c) Digital music
    d) Radio broadcast

21. Which is a major factor affecting folk music evolution?
    a) Politics
    b) Changing landscape ✅
    c) Fashion
    d) Movies

22. Folk music instruments are mostly:
    a) Electrically powered
    b) Handmade ✅
    c) Imported
    d) Factory-made

23. Folk music reflects:
    a) People’s emotions, culture, and lifestyle ✅
    b) Only religion
    c) Modern technology
    d) Sports

24. Lalon Giti was composed by:
    a) Hason Raja
    b) Lalon ✅
    c) Rabindranath Tagore
    d) Shah Abdul Karim

25. Which type of folk music is associated with dance?
    a) Sari ✅
    b) Lalon Giti
    c) Jari
    d) Paalagan

26. Which is true about folk music?
    a) It is static
    b) It changes over time ✅
    c) It never moves to cities
    d) It uses only modern instruments

27. Folk music instruments are made from local materials because:
    a) Imported instruments are expensive
    b) They are deeply connected to their surroundings ✅
    c) Plastic is unavailable
    d) It is easier to transport

28. Folk music songs reflect:
    a) Fashion trends
    b) People’s rituals and daily life ✅
    c) Political campaigns
    d) Movies

29. Folk music continues in cities because:
    a) People forget old songs
    b) It appears in films and music albums ✅
    c) Rural people resist it
    d) It is broadcast on radio only

30. Which of these is an example of a Bengali folk song?
    a) Lalon Giti ✅
    b) Rock
    c) Pop
    d) Jazz

31. Folk music in the hill tracts is expressed in:
    a) Only Bengali
    b) Various local languages ✅
    c) English
    d) Hindi

32. Which material is natural for making folk instruments?
    a) Steel
    b) Bamboo ✅
    c) Plastic
    d) Silicon

33. Folk music instruments produce sounds connected to:
    a) Their material and origin ✅
    b) Electricity
    c) Microphones
    d) Digital effects

34. Folk music is slowly fading because:
    a) Urbanization and city transformation ✅
    b) People dislike music
    c) Instruments are unavailable
    d) Climate change

35. Which of these is a form of oral knowledge?
    a) Folk music ✅
    b) Printed book
    c) TV show
    d) Online article

36. Folk music instruments are often made from:
    a) Bamboo, calabash, animal skin ✅
    b) Iron and plastic
    c) Gold and silver
    d) Synthetic fibers

37. Folk music can appear in:
    a) Only rural areas
    b) Mainstream films ✅
    c) Only schools
    d) Government offices

38. Which song type reflects heroic stories?
    a) Paalagan ✅
    b) Bhatiwali
    c) Palligiti
    d) Sari

39. The text describes folk music as:
    a) Evolving ✅
    b) Static
    c) Industrial
    d) Digital

40. Folk music instruments are:
    a) Always imported
    b) Crafted from local materials ✅
    c) Electronic only
    d) Found in shops only

41. Which folk music is linked with rivers?
    a) Bhatiwali ✅
    b) Lalon Giti
    c) Gambhira
    d) Paalagan

42. Which folk music is linked to spiritual expression?
    a) Lalon Giti ✅
    b) Jari
    c) Sari
    d) Bhatiwali

43. Folk music shows the connection between:
    a) People and land ✅
    b) Technology and fashion
    c) Cities and highways
    d) Sports and science

44. As folk music moves to cities:
    a) It vanishes
    b) It adapts into mainstream media ✅
    c) It loses meaning
    d) It is banned

45. What is Sari?
    a) Folk dance and song ✅
    b) Instrument
    c) Movie
    d) Instrument material

46. Folk music instruments reflect:
    a) Local materials and culture ✅
    b) Globalization
    c) Modern factories
    d) Only cities

47. Which of these is true about folk music lyrics?
    a) Written in books only
    b) Passed orally ✅
    c) Only for festivals
    d) Always modern

48. Gambhira songs are mostly:
    a) Dance and satire ✅
    b) Electronic
    c) Classical
    d) Pop

49. Folk music is part of:
    a) Oral tradition and culture ✅
    b) Modern technology
    c) Urban fashion
    d) Industrial work

50. Folk music is fading slowly because:
    a) Cities and villages transform ✅
    b) People dislike it
    c) Instruments are unavailable
    d) Internet replaces it

Answer the following questions (10)

1. What is people’s music?

Answer:
People’s music, also known as folk music, is a form of music that consists of tunes, lyrics, and knowledge passed down orally from generation to generation.

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2. How is folk music transmitted from one generation to another?

Answer:
Folk music is transmitted orally, meaning it is passed down by word of mouth over generations.

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3. What aspects of life are reflected in folk music?

Answer:
Agriculture, food habits, ecology, seasons, rituals, and the everyday life of people are reflected in folk music.

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4. Name some forms of folk music mentioned in the passage.

Answer:
Some forms of folk music mentioned are Palligiti, Bhatiwali, Jari, Sari, Gambhira, Lalon Giti, Paalagan, and the songs of Hason Raja.

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5. How does the landscape influence folk music?

Answer:
As the landscape changes, the style and expression of folk music also change to match the environment and way of life of the people.

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6. What kind of folk music is found in the hill tracts?

Answer:
In the hill tracts, folk music exists in diverse forms and is expressed in the different languages of the ethnic communities.

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7. What materials are used to make folk musical instruments?

Answer:
Folk musical instruments are made from natural materials such as animal skin, bamboo, and calabash found in the surroundings.

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8. Why are traditional folk tunes slowly fading?

Answer:
Traditional folk tunes are slowly fading because cities and villages are transforming due to modernization.

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9. Does folk music still have a place in modern society?

Answer:
Yes, folk music still has a place in modern society as it appears in mainstream films and music albums.

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10. Why is folk music deeply connected to the land?

Answer:
Folk music is deeply connected to the land because its instruments, sounds, and themes come directly from the natural surroundings and lifestyle of the people.

Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the text:

People’s music, also known as folk music, consists of tunes and (a) ______ passed down (b) ______ from generation to generation. This music reflects agriculture, food, ecology, seasons and (c) ______ of the people. Folk musical instruments are made from natural materials like animal skin, (d) ______ and calabash. Though traditional tunes are slowly (e) ______, folk music still finds its place in mainstream films and music albums.

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✅ Answer Key

(a) lyrics
(b) orally
(c) rituals
(d) bamboo
(e) fading

Passage–1

People’s music is closely connected with the way people (a) ______. Over time, this music has (b) ______ and reflected agriculture, food and ecology. Different forms like Palligiti, Bhatiwali and Jari (c) ______ the self-expression of the (d) ______. These songs are passed down from generation to (e) ______.

Answer:
(a) live (b) evolved (c) embody (d) people (e) generation

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Passage–2

As the (a) ______ changes, the music also changes. In the hill tracts, folk music is expressed in the (b) ______ languages of ethnic communities. The instruments are made from materials found in the (c) ______. Animal skin and (d) ______ are commonly used. These instruments produce unique (e) ______.

Answer:
(a) landscape (b) diverse (c) surroundings (d) bamboo (e) sounds

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Passage–3

Folk music reflects the (a) ______ life of people. Agriculture, seasons and (b) ______ are closely related to these songs. The music shows the culture and (c) ______ of the people. Over time, some traditional tunes are slowly (d) ______, but folk music still survives in modern (e) ______.

Answer:
(a) daily (b) rituals (c) tradition (d) fading (e) society

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Passage–4

In villages, folk music is an important part of people’s (a) ______. Though cities and villages are (b) ______, these traditional songs still exist. Many folk musicians (c) ______ to cities, but their music finds a place in mainstream (d) ______ and music (e) ______.

Answer:
(a) culture (b) transforming (c) migrate (d) films (e) albums

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Passage–5

Folk musical instruments are (a) ______ from natural materials. These instruments are deeply (b) ______ with the land. The sounds they (c) ______ reflect the life of the people. Though modernization has caused some changes, folk music has not completely (d) ______. It still plays a (e) ______ role in our culture.

Answer:
(a) crafted (b) connected (c) produce (d) disappeared (e) significant