Junior Scholarship Exam Preparation Model Test-1
The word ‘hygiene’ means the practice of keeping ourselves clean. It also means to keep our home and work places clean. It is important for our good health.
Hygiene is thought to be next to godliness. It is because we cannot achieve anything physically, mentally or spiritually if we are unclean in our body, mind and soul. Nobody likes an unclean person either. So we must follow the rules of hygiene.
First, we must keep our body clean. We should have a bath everyday and wash our hair regularly. This will keep the body and the hair free from dirt and bacteria.
Secondly, we should wash our clothes regularly. Dirty clothes give off bad smell and invite germs. We should wear socks and shoes when we go out to protect our feet from dust and germs. We should wear socks and shoes when we go out to protect our feet from dust and germs. It is also important to wash our hands before meals and after using the toilet. We should brush our teeth twice a day, after breakfast and supper. We must also cut our nails regularly. Our drinking water must be safe. We can get pure water by boiling and filtering. Finally, we should keep our surroundings and environment clean.
If we do and follow all the above things properly, we will be able to lead a healthy and happy life.
বাংলা অর্থ
‘হাইজিন’ শব্দের অর্থ হলো নিজেকে পরিষ্কার-পরিচ্ছন্ন রাখা। এর অর্থ আমাদের ঘরবাড়ি ও কর্মস্থলকেও পরিষ্কার রাখা। ভালো স্বাস্থ্যের জন্য পরিচ্ছন্নতা খুবই গুরুত্বপূর্ণ।
পরিচ্ছন্নতাকে ধর্মীয় পবিত্রতার পরেই গণ্য করা হয়। কারণ শারীরিক, মানসিক বা আধ্যাত্মিক—কোনো দিক থেকেই আমরা অশুচি থাকলে কোনো কিছু অর্জন করতে পারি না। কেউই অপরিষ্কার মানুষকে পছন্দ করে না। তাই আমাদের অবশ্যই পরিচ্ছন্নতার নিয়মগুলো মেনে চলতে হবে।
প্রথমত, আমাদের শরীর পরিষ্কার রাখতে হবে। প্রতিদিন গোসল করা এবং নিয়মিত চুল ধোয়া উচিত। এতে আমাদের শরীর ও চুল ময়লা এবং জীবাণু থেকে মুক্ত থাকবে।
দ্বিতীয়ত, আমাদের পোশাক-পরিচ্ছদ নিয়মিত ধোয়া উচিত। নোংরা কাপড় থেকে দুর্গন্ধ বের হয় এবং জীবাণুর জন্ম হয়। বাইরে বের হলে পা-কে ধুলোবালি ও জীবাণু থেকে রক্ষা করতে আমাদের মোজা ও জুতা পরা উচিত। খাবার খাওয়ার আগে এবং টয়লেট ব্যবহারের পরে হাত ধোয়া খুবই জরুরি। আমাদের দিনে দুইবার দাঁত ব্রাশ করা উচিত—একবার নাশতার পরে ও আরেকবার রাতের খাবারের পরে। নিয়মিত নখ কাটতে হবে। আমরা যে পানি পান করি তা নিরাপদ হতে হবে। ফুটানো ও ছাঁকনির মাধ্যমে আমরা বিশুদ্ধ পানি পেতে পারি। সর্বশেষ, আমাদের চারপাশ ও পরিবেশ পরিষ্কার রাখা উচিত।
উপরের সব নিয়ম মেনে চলতে পারলে আমরা একটি সুস্থ ও সুখী জীবন কাটাতে সক্ষম হবো।
✅ 100 Vocabulary (with Bangla meaning, synonyms & parts of speech)
| No. | Word | Part of Speech | Bengali Meaning | Synonyms |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Abandon | verb | ত্যাগ করা | leave, desert |
| 2 | Ability | noun | সক্ষমতা | skill, capacity |
| 3 | Absorb | verb | শোষণ করা | soak, take in |
| 4 | Accurate | adjective | সঠিক | exact, precise |
| 5 | Achieve | verb | অর্জন করা | attain, accomplish |
| 6 | Active | adjective | সক্রিয় | energetic, lively |
| 7 | Addition | noun | সংযোজন | increase, inclusion |
| 8 | Admire | verb | প্রশংসা করা | praise, appreciate |
| 9 | Admit | verb | স্বীকার করা | confess, accept |
| 10 | Advance | verb | অগ্রসর হওয়া | progress, promote |
| 11 | Affect | verb | প্রভাবিত করা | influence, impact |
| 12 | Afraid | adjective | ভীত | scared, frightened |
| 13 | Ambition | noun | উচ্চাকাঙ্ক্ষা | desire, goal |
| 14 | Ancient | adjective | প্রাচীন | old, antique |
| 15 | Apply | verb | আবেদন করা | request, use |
| 16 | Argue | verb | তর্ক করা | dispute, debate |
| 17 | Arrive | verb | পৌঁছানো | reach, come |
| 18 | Assist | verb | সাহায্য করা | help, support |
| 19 | Avoid | verb | এড়ানো | escape, evade |
| 20 | Basic | adjective | মৌলিক | fundamental, primary |
| 21 | Behave | verb | আচরণ করা | act, conduct |
| 22 | Believe | verb | বিশ্বাস করা | trust, accept |
| 23 | Benefit | noun | উপকার | advantage, profit |
| 24 | Bitter | adjective | তিক্ত | harsh, painful |
| 25 | Brave | adjective | সাহসী | courageous, bold |
| 26 | Brief | adjective | সংক্ষিপ্ত | short, concise |
| 27 | Bright | adjective | উজ্জ্বল | shining, radiant |
| 28 | Capable | adjective | সক্ষম | able, competent |
| 29 | Careful | adjective | সতর্ক | cautious, attentive |
| 30 | Challenge | noun | চ্যালেঞ্জ | test, difficulty |
| 31 | Change | verb | পরিবর্তন করা | alter, modify |
| 32 | Charge | verb | মূল্য ধরা | demand, cost |
| 33 | Comfort | noun | আরাম | ease, relief |
| 34 | Common | adjective | সাধারণ | usual, ordinary |
| 35 | Compare | verb | তুলনা করা | match, contrast |
| 36 | Complete | verb | সম্পূর্ণ করা | finish, conclude |
| 37 | Confident | adjective | আত্মবিশ্বাসী | sure, bold |
| 38 | Confuse | verb | বিভ্রান্ত করা | puzzle, mislead |
| 39 | Connect | verb | সংযোগ করা | link, join |
| 40 | Consider | verb | বিবেচনা করা | think, reflect |
| 41 | Contact | noun | যোগাযোগ | communication, link |
| 42 | Continue | verb | চালিয়ে যাওয়া | persist, proceed |
| 43 | Courage | noun | সাহস | bravery, boldness |
| 44 | Create | verb | সৃষ্টি করা | make, produce |
| 45 | Curious | adjective | কৌতূহলী | inquisitive, eager |
| 46 | Damage | noun | ক্ষতি | harm, injury |
| 47 | Decide | verb | সিদ্ধান্ত নেওয়া | settle, choose |
| 48 | Decrease | verb | কমানো | reduce, diminish |
| 49 | Defeat | verb | পরাজিত করা | beat, conquer |
| 50 | Defend | verb | রক্ষা করা | protect, guard |
| 51 | Delicious | adjective | সুস্বাদু | tasty, yummy |
| 52 | Demand | verb | দাবি করা | ask, require |
| 53 | Deny | verb | অস্বীকার করা | refuse, reject |
| 54 | Develop | verb | উন্নত করা | improve, grow |
| 55 | Direct | adjective | সরাসরি | straight, immediate |
| 56 | Disappear | verb | অদৃশ্য হওয়া | vanish, fade |
| 57 | Discover | verb | আবিষ্কার করা | find, detect |
| 58 | Distant | adjective | দূরবর্তী | far, remote |
| 59 | Divide | verb | ভাগ করা | split, separate |
| 60 | Doubt | noun | সন্দেহ | uncertainty, distrust |
| 61 | Eager | adjective | আগ্রহী | keen, enthusiastic |
| 62 | Educate | verb | শিক্ষা দেওয়া | teach, instruct |
| 63 | Effect | noun | প্রভাব | result, impact |
| 64 | Efficient | adjective | দক্ষ | effective, capable |
| 65 | Embarrass | verb | লজ্জা দেওয়া | shame, humiliate |
| 66 | Encourage | verb | উৎসাহ দেওয়া | inspire, motivate |
| 67 | Enormous | adjective | বিশাল | huge, massive |
| 68 | Equal | adjective | সমান | same, identical |
| 69 | Escape | verb | পালানো | flee, avoid |
| 70 | Essential | adjective | অপরিহার্য | necessary, vital |
| 71 | Estimate | verb | অনুমান করা | guess, approximate |
| 72 | Event | noun | ঘটনা | incident, occasion |
| 73 | Evidence | noun | প্রমাণ | proof, sign |
| 74 | Exact | adjective | সঠিক | accurate, precise |
| 75 | Examine | verb | পরীক্ষা করা | inspect, check |
| 76 | Expand | verb | প্রসারিত করা | enlarge, extend |
| 77 | Expect | verb | আশা করা | hope, anticipate |
| 78 | Explain | verb | ব্যাখ্যা করা | clarify, illustrate |
| 79 | Express | verb | প্রকাশ করা | convey, state |
| 80 | Famous | adjective | বিখ্যাত | well-known, renowned |
| 81 | Fear | noun | ভয় | terror, fright |
| 82 | Final | adjective | চূড়ান্ত | last, ultimate |
| 83 | Fix | verb | ঠিক করা | repair, mend |
| 84 | Focus | verb | মনোযোগ দেওয়া | concentrate, observe |
| 85 | Force | noun | বল / জোর | strength, power |
| 86 | Forgive | verb | ক্ষমা করা | pardon, excuse |
| 87 | Freedom | noun | স্বাধীনতা | liberty, independence |
| 88 | Friendly | adjective | বন্ধুসুলভ | kind, pleasant |
| 89 | Habit | noun | অভ্যাস | practice, custom |
| 90 | Harmful | adjective | ক্ষতিকর | injurious, dangerous |
| 91 | Harvest | noun | ফসল সংগ্রহ | crop, yield |
| 92 | Honest | adjective | সৎ | truthful, sincere |
| 93 | Hope | noun | আশা | expectation, desire |
| 94 | Humble | adjective | বিনয়ী | modest, gentle |
| 95 | Ignore | verb | উপেক্ষা করা | neglect, overlook |
| 96 | Improve | verb | উন্নতি করা | enhance, develop |
| 97 | Inform | verb | জানানো | notify, tell |
| 98 | Inspire | verb | অনুপ্রাণিত করা | encourage, motivate |
| 99 | Intelligent | adjective | বুদ্ধিমান | smart, clever |
| 100 | Journey | noun | যাত্রা | trip, travel |
✅ 50 MCQ Questions with Answers (Based on the Text: Hygiene)
1. What does the word ‘hygiene’ mean?
A. Eating food
B. Keeping ourselves clean
C. Playing games
D. Sleeping early
Answer: B
2. Hygiene also means keeping our ______ clean.
A. Garden
B. Home and workplaces
C. School
D. Clothes only
Answer: B
3. Why is hygiene important?
A. For entertainment
B. For good health
C. For cooking
D. For traveling
Answer: B
4. Hygiene is thought to be next to ______.
A. Cleanliness
B. Beauty
C. Godliness
D. Truth
Answer: C
5. Why can we not achieve anything if we are unclean?
A. We become tired
B. We remain physically, mentally, and spiritually unfit
C. We cannot eat
D. We forget everything
Answer: B
6. What is people’s reaction toward an unclean person?
A. They like him
B. They ignore him
C. Nobody likes an unclean person
D. They praise him
Answer: C
7. What must we follow to maintain cleanliness?
A. Rules of hygiene
B. Rules of games
C. Rules of office
D. Religious rules
Answer: A
8. How often should we have a bath?
A. Once a week
B. Twice a week
C. Everyday
D. Once a month
Answer: C
9. Why should we wash our hair regularly?
A. To look beautiful
B. To remove lice
C. To keep hair free from dirt and bacteria
D. To change hairstyle
Answer: C
10. What happens if we don’t wash our clothes?
A. Nothing happens
B. They give off bad smell
C. They look new
D. They change color
Answer: B
11. Dirty clothes invite ______.
A. Friends
B. Germs
C. Rain
D. Sunlight
Answer: B
12. What should we wear when we go out?
A. Sandals only
B. Socks and shoes
C. Slippers only
D. Old shoes
Answer: B
13. Why do we wear socks and shoes outside?
A. For style
B. To protect feet from dust and germs
C. To feel taller
D. To run faster
Answer: B
14. We should wash our hands before meals and after ______.
A. Sleeping
B. Studying
C. Using the toilet
D. Watching TV
Answer: C
15. How many times should we brush our teeth?
A. Once
B. Twice
C. Three times
D. Five times
Answer: B
16. When should we brush our teeth?
A. Before breakfast
B. After breakfast and supper
C. At midnight
D. Before sleeping only
Answer: B
17. Why must we cut our nails regularly?
A. For beauty
B. To avoid disease
C. To play sports
D. To look young
Answer: B
18. Drinking water must be ______.
A. Cold
B. Pure
C. Sweet
D. Bottled
Answer: B
19. How can we get pure water?
A. By keeping it in sunlight
B. By freezing
C. By boiling and filtering
D. By mixing sugar
Answer: C
20. What should we keep clean besides our body?
A. Garden
B. Surroundings and environment
C. Books
D. Phones
Answer: B
21. What will we be able to lead if we follow hygiene rules?
A. Lonely life
B. Boring life
C. Happy and healthy life
D. Expensive life
Answer: C
22. Hygiene helps us avoid ______.
A. Sports
B. Diseases
C. Travelling
D. Exams
Answer: B
23. Another word for ‘hygiene’ is ______.
A. Cleanliness
B. Laziness
C. Darkness
D. Happiness
Answer: A
24. Why does hygiene relate to godliness?
A. It makes people clever
B. It makes people holy and clean
C. It improves memory
D. It reduces sleep
Answer: B
25. What keeps the hair free from bacteria?
A. Cutting hair
B. Washing hair
C. Drying hair
D. Oiling hair
Answer: B
26. What spreads from dirty clothes?
A. Nice smell
B. Fragrance
C. Bad smell
D. Water vapor
Answer: C
27. Why should we wash hands before meals?
A. For taste
B. To remove oil
C. To avoid germs entering the body
D. To feel fresh
Answer: C
28. Hygiene helps us achieve ______.
A. Laziness
B. Health and success
C. Ignorance
D. Weakness
Answer: B
29. What does bacteria cause?
A. Growth
B. Illness
C. Wealth
D. Strength
Answer: B
30. Clean surroundings prevent ______.
A. School attendance
B. Pollution and disease
C. Good habits
D. Sunshine
Answer: B
31. What kind of practice is hygiene?
A. Cultural
B. Personal and environmental
C. Economic
D. Artistic
Answer: B
32. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Sports spirit
B. Hygiene and cleanliness
C. Science experiments
D. Travelling tips
Answer: B
33. Who does not like an unclean person?
A. Everyone
B. Friends only
C. Family only
D. Teachers only
Answer: A
34. Why should we brush after supper?
A. To avoid bad breath
B. To whiten teeth instantly
C. To pass exams
D. To sleep early
Answer: A
35. What purpose does boiling water serve?
A. Makes water cold
B. Kills germs
C. Changes color
D. Adds minerals
Answer: B
36. Hygiene affects which part of life?
A. Moral
B. Social
C. Physical, mental, spiritual
D. Financial
Answer: C
37. The word ‘surroundings’ means ______.
A. People
B. Places around us
C. Clothes
D. Books
Answer: B
38. What happens if nails are not cut?
A. They sparkle
B. They collect dirt
C. They grow backward
D. They become soft
Answer: B
39. Clean environment prevents ______.
A. Joy
B. Illness
C. Play
D. Sleep
Answer: B
40. How should we take care of our teeth?
A. Brush twice daily
B. Brush once a week
C. Brush rarely
D. Brush only at noon
Answer: A
41. What does the passage advise about hair?
A. Cut it daily
B. Wash it regularly
C. Oil it weekly
D. Color it
Answer: B
42. Why is bad smell harmful?
A. It attracts people
B. It invites germs
C. It heals wounds
D. It reduces germs
Answer: B
43. A clean person is usually ______.
A. Active and healthy
B. Sad
C. Weak
D. Isolated
Answer: A
44. Hygiene teaches us to care for our ______.
A. Wealth
B. Body
C. Pets only
D. Furniture
Answer: B
45. What is the main benefit of hygiene?
A. Happiness only
B. Good health
C. Good handwriting
D. Money
Answer: B
46. What should we do before eating?
A. Run
B. Sing
C. Wash hands
D. Sleep
Answer: C
47. The passage says hygiene helps prevent ______.
A. Accidents
B. Diseases
C. Dreams
D. Noise
Answer: B
48. What must we follow to stay clean?
A. Rules of hygiene
B. School rules
C. Road rules
D. Sports rules
Answer: A
49. Pure drinking water helps maintain ______.
A. Strong bones
B. Good health
C. Beauty
D. Sports power
Answer: B
50. What kind of life will we lead by following hygiene practice?
A. Painful
B. Boring
C. Healthy and happy
D. Wealthy only
Answer: C
1. Why do people say “hygiene is next to godliness”?
Answer: Because cleanliness reflects purity of body and mind, helping a person stay healthy, disciplined, and morally strong—qualities valued like godliness.
2. How does poor hygiene affect a person’s daily life and productivity?
Answer: Poor hygiene can cause illness, low energy, discomfort, and loss of confidence, reducing a person’s ability to study, work, or interact socially.
3. In what ways can regular hair washing prevent health problems?
Answer: It removes dirt, sweat, and bacteria, prevents dandruff and infections, and keeps the scalp healthy.
4. Why is it necessary to protect our feet by wearing socks and shoes outdoors?
Answer: Socks and shoes prevent dust, germs, injuries, and infections from entering through the feet.
5. How can improper hygiene affect a large community, not just an individual?
Answer: Poor hygiene can spread diseases, increase pollution, and create an unhealthy environment for everyone.
6. Why should we be careful about the quality of water we drink?
Answer: Contaminated water carries harmful microorganisms that cause diseases, so boiling and filtering help ensure safety.
7. What is the importance of keeping both home and workplace clean?
Answer: Clean spaces reduce sickness, improve mood and concentration, and create a comfortable environment for living and working.
8. How do good hygiene habits contribute to children’s growth and development?
Answer: Cleanliness protects children from infections, keeps them active, and helps them focus better on learning.
9. Why is regular nail cutting important for food hygiene?
Answer: Long nails trap germs and dirt, which can transfer to food and cause illness when eating.
10. How can someone build strong hygiene habits in daily life?
Answer: By following a fixed routine: regular bathing, washing hands, brushing teeth twice daily, cleaning clothes, and keeping surroundings tidy.
0 Long-Answer Questions (With Hints/Answers)
1. Explain the meaning of hygiene and why it is considered next to godliness.
Answer Hint: Hygiene means keeping the body, mind, and surroundings clean. It is considered next to godliness because a pure and clean body and mind are essential for physical, mental, and spiritual development.
2. Discuss the importance of personal hygiene for a healthy life.
Answer Hint: Personal hygiene includes bathing, washing hair, brushing teeth, cutting nails, and wearing clean clothes. These habits prevent diseases, maintain body cleanliness, and improve confidence and social interactions.
3. Describe how maintaining oral hygiene contributes to overall health.
Answer Hint: Brushing teeth twice daily removes germs and food particles, prevents tooth decay, bad breath, and gum diseases, and ensures easier digestion.
4. Explain the significance of washing hands before meals and after using the toilet.
Answer Hint: Hands carry germs that can enter the body through food or touch. Washing hands reduces the risk of infections, food poisoning, and spread of diseases.
5. How does drinking safe and pure water help in maintaining good hygiene?
Answer Hint: Impure water contains germs and harmful bacteria. Boiling and filtering water make it safe to drink, preventing diseases such as cholera, typhoid, and diarrhea.
6. Discuss the role of clean clothes and proper footwear in hygiene.
Answer Hint: Dirty clothes harbor germs and cause bad odor, while socks and shoes protect feet from dust, dirt, and infections, keeping the body healthy.
7. Explain the importance of keeping one’s surroundings and environment clean.
Answer Hint: A clean environment prevents the spread of germs, reduces pollution, prevents mosquito breeding, and provides a healthy and comfortable living space for the community.
8. How can proper hygiene habits improve social relationships?
Answer Hint: A clean person is respected and liked by others. Good hygiene reflects self-care and discipline, helping in building trust, confidence, and positive social interactions.
9. What are the consequences of neglecting hygiene in daily life?
Answer Hint: Neglecting hygiene can lead to illnesses, body odor, bad breath, infections, low self-esteem, and social isolation, affecting both personal and professional life.
10. Suggest a daily hygiene routine that can help maintain a healthy and happy life.
Answer Hint: Daily hygiene routine:
-
Bathing every day
-
Washing hair regularly
-
Brushing teeth twice a day
-
Cutting nails
-
Wearing clean clothes
-
Washing hands before meals and after using the toilet
-
Drinking boiled and filtered water
-
Keeping surroundings clean
Read the text and answer questions 3 and 4.
| Nakshi kantha is a kind of embroidered quilt. The name was taken from the Bengali word, ‘naksha’ which means artistic pattern. It is a kind of traditional craft and is said to be indigenous to Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. The art has been practised in rural Bengal for centuries. The name ‘Nakshi kantha’ became popular after the poet Jasimuddin’s poem ‘Nakshi Kanthar Math’ was published in 1929. Traditional kanthas are made for family use. Old or new cloth and thread are used to make these quilts. Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Rajshahi, Faridpur, Bogra and Jessore are most famous for this craft. Now it is produced commercially. You can find them in many expensive handicraft shops in cities. The quilts are now in great demand because of the colourful patterns and designs embroidered on them. |
বাংলা অনুবাদ:
নক্ষি কাঁথা হলো সূচিকর্ম করা এক ধরনের কাঁথা। এর নাম নেওয়া হয়েছে বাংলা শব্দ ‘নকশা’ থেকে, যার অর্থ শৈল্পিক নকশা বা অলংকরণ। এটি একটি প্রাচীন হস্তশিল্প এবং বলা হয় যে এর উৎপত্তি বাংলাদেশ ও ভারতের পশ্চিমবঙ্গে। এই শিল্পটি গ্রামীণ বাংলায় শতাব্দীর পর শতাব্দী ধরে চর্চা হয়ে আসছে। কবি জসীমউদ্দীনের “নকশী কাঁথার মাঠ” কবিতা ১৯২৯ সালে প্রকাশিত হওয়ার পর ‘নক্ষি কাঁথা’ নামটি জনপ্রিয় হয়ে ওঠে।
প্রথাগত কাঁথা সাধারণত পারিবারিক ব্যবহারের জন্য তৈরি করা হয়। পুরোনো বা নতুন কাপড় ও সূতা ব্যবহার করে এসব কাঁথা তৈরি করা হয়। ময়মনসিংহ, জামালপুর, রাজশাহী, ফরিদপুর, বগুড়া এবং যশোর এই হস্তশিল্পের জন্য সবচেয়ে বেশি পরিচিত। বর্তমানে এটি বাণিজ্যিকভাবে উৎপাদিত হচ্ছে। শহরের অনেক দামি হস্তশিল্পের দোকানে এগুলো পাওয়া যায়। রঙিন নকশা ও নান্দনিক ডিজাইন সূচিকর্ম করা থাকার কারণে এই কাঁথার এখন ব্যাপক চাহিদা রয়েছে।
4. Fill in the blanks with suitable words based on the information given in the text.
Nakshi kantha is a kind of(a) __________ quilt. The name was taken from the Bengali word (b) __________ which means artistic pattern. It is a traditional craft indigenous to (c) __________ and West Bengal in India. This art has been practised in rural Bengal for (d) __________. The name ‘Nakshi Kantha’ became popular after the poet (e) __________’s poem ‘Nakshi Kanthar Math’ was published in 1929.
Extra:
Traditional kanthas are made for (a) __________ use. (b) __________ or new cloth and thread are used to make these quilts. Districts such as Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Rajshahi, Faridpur, Bogra, and (c) __________ are famous for this craft. Nowadays, nakshi kantha is produced(d) __________ and can be found in many expensive handicraft shops in cities. The quilts are in great demand because of their colourful (e) __________ and designs.
Answer:
Nakshi kantha is a kind of embroidered quilt. The name was taken from the Bengali word ‘naksha’ which means artistic pattern. It is a traditional craft indigenous to Bangladesh and West Bengal in India. This art has been practised in rural Bengal for centuries. The name ‘Nakshi Kantha’ became popular after the poet Jasimuddin’s poem ‘Nakshi Kanthar Math’ was published in 1929. Traditional kanthas are made for family use. Old or new cloth and thread are used to make these quilts. Districts such as Mymensingh, Jamalpur, Rajshahi, Faridpur, Bogra, and Jessore are famous for this craft. Nowadays, nakshi kantha is produced commercially and can be found in many expensive handicraft shops in cities. The quilts are in great demand because of their colourful patterns and designs.
Read the text and answer the questions 5& 6.
| Jonathan Swift was born of English parents in Dublin in 1667. He was educated at Kilkenny School and Trinity College, Dublin. Between 1689 and 1699 he was. more or less continuously a member of the household of his kinsman Sir William Temple, a civilized man. During these years Swift read widely. About 1696-’97 he wrote his powerful satire on corruptions in religion and learning, which were published in 1704 and reached their final form only in the fifth edition of 1710. Temple’s Death in 1699 left Swift without resources. In 1701 he received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from Dublin University. In March 1726 he paid his first visit to England since 1714, bringing with him the manuscript which he began in 1721. Swift, who is one of the greatest writers of prose, died in 1745. |
জোনাথন সুইফট ১৬৬৭ সালে ডাবলিনে ইংরেজ বাবা-মায়ের ঘরে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন। তিনি কিলকেনি স্কুল এবং ট্রিনিটি কলেজ, ডাবলিনে শিক্ষালাভ করেন। ১৬৮৯ থেকে ১৬৯৯ সালের মধ্যে তিনি তার আত্মীয় স্যার উইলিয়াম টেম্পলের পরিবারের সদস্য হিসেবে কমবেশি ধারাবাহিকভাবে অবস্থান করেন, যিনি ছিলেন এক সভ্য ও শিক্ষিত ব্যক্তি। এই সময়গুলোতে সুইফট ব্যাপকভাবে পাঠ ও অধ্যয়ন করেন। প্রায় ১৬৯৬–৯৭ সালে তিনি ধর্ম ও শিক্ষার দুর্নীতির ওপর তার শক্তিশালী ব্যঙ্গরচনা লেখেন, যা ১৭০৪ সালে প্রকাশিত হয় এবং ১৭১০ সালের পঞ্চম সংস্করণে গিয়ে তার চূড়ান্ত রূপ পায়। ১৬৯৯ সালে টেম্পলের মৃত্যুতে সুইফট আর্থিকভাবে অসহায় হয়ে পড়েন। ১৭০১ সালে তিনি ডাবলিন বিশ্ববিদ্যালয় থেকে ডক্টর অব ডিভিনিটি ডিগ্রি লাভ করেন। ১৭২৬ সালের মার্চে তিনি ১৭১৪ সালের পর প্রথমবারের মতো ইংল্যান্ড সফর করেন এবং সঙ্গে নিয়ে যান সেই পাণ্ডুলিপি, যার কাজ তিনি ১৭২১ সালে শুরু করেছিলেন। সুইফট, যিনি গদ্যের অন্যতম শ্রেষ্ঠ লেখক, ১৭৪৫ সালে মৃত্যুবরণ করেন।
Summary: 1
Jonathan Swift, born in Dublin in 1667 to English parents, was educated at Kilkenny School and Trinity College. From 1689 to 1699 he lived in the household of his relative Sir William Temple, where he broadened his knowledge through extensive reading. Around 1696–97 he wrote a powerful satire on religious and educational corruption, published in 1704 and finalized in 1710. After Temple’s death in 1699, Swift faced financial difficulties. He earned his Doctor of Divinity degree in 1701. In 1726 he visited England for the first time since 1714, bringing a manuscript begun in 1721. Recognized as one of the greatest prose writers, Swift died in 1745.
Summary (Version 2)
Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin in 1667 and studied at Kilkenny School and Trinity College. From 1689 to 1699 he lived with his relative Sir William Temple, where he continued his studies and read widely. During this time, he wrote a strong satire on corruption in religion and learning, published in 1704 and completed in 1710. After Temple died in 1699, Swift lost financial support. He received his Doctor of Divinity degree in 1701. In 1726 he visited England with a manuscript he had started in 1721. Swift, considered one of the finest prose writers, died in 1745.
True/False (15 Items) with Answers
-
Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin.
Answer: True -
Swift was born in 1767.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: He was born in 1667. -
He studied at Kilkenny School and Trinity College.
Answer: True -
Swift lived with Sir William Temple from 1689 to 1699.
Answer: True -
Sir William Temple was a rude and uneducated man.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: Sir William Temple was a civilized and educated man. -
Swift read a lot during his years with Temple.
Answer: True -
Swift wrote a satire on corruption in religion and learning around 1696–97.
Answer: True -
The satire was first published in 1710.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: It was first published in 1704 and reached final form in 1710. -
Temple’s death in 1699 caused financial problems for Swift.
Answer: True -
Swift received the Doctor of Divinity degree in 1701.
Answer: True -
Swift visited England frequently between 1714 and 1726.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: He did not visit England at all between 1714 and 1726. -
Swift carried with him a manuscript he began in 1721 when he visited England in 1726.
Answer: True -
Swift is known as one of the greatest writers of prose.
Answer: True -
Swift died in 1754.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: He died in 1745. -
Swift’s manuscript from 1721 was completed before his 1726 visit to England.
Answer: False
Correct Answer: He brought the manuscript with him to England in 1726; it was begun in 1721.
