Junior Scholarship Exam Preparation Model Test-3

December 10, 2025December 10, 2025 Md. Rokon Uddin (Rumon)

Bangladesh is home to more than 54 indigenous groups, including the Chakma, Marma, and Tripura, with most living in in the northern and southeastern flatlands, and the rest in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. They have distinct lifestyles, economic practices, and belief systems. These groups speak at least 35 distinct languages, adding to the country’s cultural richness. However, many of these languages are endangered, as the dominance of Bangla and modern societal pressures push them towards extinction, a global issue known as “language death.” The UN warns that many Indigenous languages one disappearing with one dying every British colonial rule, every two weeks.

During the ile, indigenous communities played a significant role in resisting oppression. Leaders like Sidhu and Kanu led uprisings, such as the Santhal Rebellion, highlighting contributions to the anti-colonial struggle. struggle. Despite this legacy, Indigenous people in Bangladesh today face challenges in preserving their languages and culture. The government’s efforts to include Indigenous languages in preschool education face hurdles like a lack of trained teachers and resources for higher education.

Additionally, the 1957 construction of the Kaptai Dam, funded by USAID and built by the Pakistani government, displaced thousands of people in the hill tracts, submerging their homes their homes and farmlands under the Karnaphuli River, disrupting their livelihoods and cultural connections to the land. This history of displacement and ongoing marginalization continues to affect indigenous communities in Bangladesh.

Bengali Meaning:

বাংলাদেশে চাকমা, মারমা ও ত্রিপুরাসহ ৫৪টিরও বেশি আদিবাসী জনগোষ্ঠী বাস করে। এদের বেশিরভাগই দেশের উত্তর ও দক্ষিণ-পূর্বাঞ্চলের সমতল এলাকায় এবং বাকি অংশ চট্টগ্রাম হিল ট্র্যাক্টস অঞ্চলে বসবাস করে। প্রতিটি জনগোষ্ঠীর জীবনযাপন, অর্থনৈতিক কর্মকাণ্ড ও বিশ্বাসব্যবস্থা আলাদা। তারা অন্তত ৩৫টি স্বতন্ত্র ভাষায় কথা বলে, যা দেশের সাংস্কৃতিক বৈচিত্র্যকে সমৃদ্ধ করেছে। তবে এসব ভাষার অনেকগুলোই বিলুপ্তির ঝুঁকিতে রয়েছে, কারণ বাংলা ভাষার আধিপত্য ও আধুনিক সমাজব্যবস্থার চাপ এগুলোকে হারিয়ে যাওয়ার দিকে ঠেলে দিচ্ছে। বিশ্বব্যাপী এই সমস্যাকে “ভাষা মৃত্যু” বলা হয়। জাতিসংঘ সতর্ক করেছে যে বিশ্বের বহু আদিবাসী ভাষা দ্রুত হারিয়ে যাচ্ছে, গড়ে প্রতি দুই সপ্তাহে একটি করে ভাষা বিলুপ্ত হচ্ছে।

ব্রিটিশ ঔপনিবেশিক শাসনামলে আদিবাসী জনগোষ্ঠীরা অত্যাচারের বিরুদ্ধে প্রতিরোধে গুরুত্বপূর্ণ ভূমিকা পালন করেছিল। সিধু ও कानুর মতো নেতারা সাঁওতাল বিদ্রোহের নেতৃত্ব দেন, যা উপনিবেশবিরোধী সংগ্রামে তাদের অবদানের সাক্ষ্য বহন করে। এই ঐতিহাসিক ভূমিকার পরও বর্তমানে বাংলাদেশের আদিবাসী জনগণ তাদের ভাষা ও সংস্কৃতি রক্ষায় নানা চ্যালেঞ্জের মুখোমুখি। সরকার প্রাক-প্রাথমিক শিক্ষায় আদিবাসী ভাষা অন্তর্ভুক্ত করার চেষ্টা করলেও প্রশিক্ষিত শিক্ষক সংকট এবং উচ্চশিক্ষায় প্রয়োজনীয় উপকরণের অভাব বড় বাধা হয়ে দাঁড়িয়েছে।

এ ছাড়া, ১৯৫৭ সালে পাকিস্তান সরকার যুক্তরাষ্ট্রের ইউএসএইড-এর অর্থায়নে কাপ্তাই বাঁধ নির্মাণ করে, যার ফলে হাজার হাজার পাহাড়ি মানুষের ঘরবাড়ি ও কৃষিজমি কর্ণফুলি নদীর পানির নিচে তলিয়ে যায়। এতে তাদের জীবিকা, বসবাস, এবং ভূমির সঙ্গে সাংস্কৃতিক সম্পর্ক মারাত্মকভাবে ক্ষতিগ্রস্ত হয়। এই বাস্তুচ্যুতির ইতিহাস এবং চলমান প্রান্তিকতা এখনো বাংলাদেশের আদিবাসী সম্প্রদায়গুলোর ওপর গভীর প্রভাব ফেলছে।

50 MCQ Questions Based on the Text

1. How many indigenous groups live in Bangladesh?

a) 25
b) 40
c) 54+
d) 70
Answer: c

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an indigenous group?

a) Chakma
b) Marma
c) Tripura
d) Garo
Answer: d

3. Most Indigenous groups in Bangladesh live in the northern and southeastern _____.

a) Mountains
b) Plains
c) Flatlands
d) Deserts
Answer: c

4. The remaining indigenous groups primarily live in the _____.

a) Sundarbans
b) Chittagong Hill Tracts
c) Rajshahi region
d) Dhaka division
Answer: b

5. Indigenous groups speak at least how many distinct languages?

a) 10
b) 20
c) 35
d) 60
Answer: c

6. A major threat to these indigenous languages is _____.

a) Climate change
b) Dominance of Bangla
c) Tourism
d) Technology
Answer: b

7. The disappearance of languages is termed as _____.

a) Language shift
b) Language evolution
c) Language death
d) Language revival
Answer: c

8. According to the UN, Indigenous languages are disappearing at a rate of one every _____.

a) Day
b) Month
c) Week
d) Two weeks
Answer: d

9. Sidhu and Kanu are associated with which historical movement?

a) Salt March
b) Santhal Rebellion
c) Language Movement
d) Tebhaga Movement
Answer: b

10. During colonial rule, Indigenous communities played a role in _____.

a) Supporting colonizers
b) Resisting oppression
c) Promoting English
d) Urban development
Answer: b

11. Indigenous groups face difficulty preserving their _____.

a) Technology
b) Urban lifestyle
c) Languages and culture
d) Political parties
Answer: c

12. Government efforts focus on including Indigenous languages in _____.

a) High school
b) University
c) Preschool education
d) Adult literacy centers
Answer: c

13. One major obstacle in Indigenous language education is ______.

a) Lack of buildings
b) Lack of trained teachers
c) Lack of students
d) Lack of electricity
Answer: b

14. The Kaptai Dam was built in which year?

a) 1947
b) 1957
c) 1971
d) 1985
Answer: b

15. Who funded the construction of the Kaptai Dam?

a) United Nations
b) World Bank
c) USAID
d) Asian Development Bank
Answer: c

16. The dam was built by which government?

a) British
b) Bangladeshi
c) Indian
d) Pakistani
Answer: d

17. What did the Kaptai Dam submerge?

a) Forests
b) Roads
c) Homes and farmlands
d) Factories
Answer: c

18. The submerged areas were located in the _____.

a) Hill Tracts
b) Coastal belt
c) Northern zone
d) Capital city
Answer: a

19. The dam construction displaced _____.

a) Hundreds
b) Thousands
c) Tens
d) Millions
Answer: b

20. The submerged land was covered by which river?

a) Meghna
b) Jamuna
c) Karnaphuli
d) Padma
Answer: c

21. The displacement affected Indigenous people’s _____.

a) Tourism
b) Trade with India
c) Livelihoods and cultural ties
d) Access to healthcare
Answer: c

22. The text describes the Indigenous languages as _____.

a) Thriving
b) Extinct
c) Endangered
d) Official languages
Answer: c

23. What is pushing Indigenous languages towards extinction?

a) River erosion
b) Urban migration
c) Dominance of Bangla and societal pressures
d) Climate change
Answer: c

24. Indigenous groups contribute to Bangladesh’s _____.

a) Economic deficit
b) Cultural richness
c) Political violence
d) Urbanization
Answer: b

25. The Santhal Rebellion was led by _____.

a) Chakma leaders
b) Sidhu and Kanu
c) Tripura chiefs
d) Marma soldiers
Answer: b

26. The text suggests Indigenous people today face _____.

a) No problems
b) Economic prosperity
c) Cultural and linguistic challenges
d) Increased political power
Answer: c

27. Government efforts for Indigenous languages struggle due to lack of _____.

a) Electricity
b) Funding
c) Teachers and resources
d) Food
Answer: c

28. Language death is described as a _____.

a) Local problem
b) Exclusive to Bangladesh
c) Global issue
d) Minor concern
Answer: c

29. The Chittagong Hill Tracts are home to _____.

a) Most Indigenous groups
b) All Indigenous groups
c) A minority of Indigenous groups
d) No Indigenous groups
Answer: c

30. The lifestyles, economic practices, and beliefs of Indigenous groups are described as _____.

a) Identical
b) Diverse
c) Dangerous
d) Unimportant
Answer: b

31. The construction of Kaptai Dam was responsible for _____.

a) Creating jobs
b) Reducing poverty
c) Displacing Indigenous people
d) Increasing literacy
Answer: c

32. Indigenous groups’ languages add to Bangladesh’s _____.

a) Industrial growth
b) Cultural richness
c) Military strength
d) Population size
Answer: b

33. The Santhal Rebellion was a resistance against _____.

a) Natural disasters
b) British colonial rule
c) Pakistan
d) Bangladesh
Answer: b

34. The UN warns that many Indigenous languages are _____.

a) Expanding
b) Dying
c) Changing
d) Becoming official
Answer: b

35. Preschool language programs fail because of lack of _____.

a) Buildings
b) Students
c) Teachers and materials
d) Transport
Answer: c

36. The text suggests Indigenous culture is at risk due to _____.

a) Food shortages
b) Modern societal pressures
c) Floods
d) Politics
Answer: b

37. Kaptai Dam submerged farmlands located in _____.

a) Sylhet
b) Chittagong Hill Tracts
c) Khulna
d) Dhaka
Answer: b

38. Indigenous people’s cultural connection is primarily to their _____.

a) Cities
b) Homes and land
c) Schools
d) Markets
Answer: b

39. Language disappearance occurs roughly every _____.

a) Day
b) 2 weeks
c) 6 months
d) Year
Answer: b

40. The text highlights Indigenous people’s contribution to _____.

a) Colonial support
b) Anti-colonial struggle
c) Industrial growth
d) Medical science
Answer: b

41. Indigenous languages are being lost mainly due to _____.

a) Floods
b) Global warming
c) Dominance of majority languages
d) Economic development
Answer: c

42. Indigenous education faces shortages in _____.

a) Dormitories
b) Transportation
c) Skilled teachers
d) Clothing
Answer: c

43. The Kaptai Dam incident is discussed as a form of _____.

a) Development success
b) Cultural celebration
c) Historical displacement
d) Agricultural reform
Answer: c

44. Indigenous groups in Bangladesh maintain _____.

a) Identical traditions
b) Distinct lifestyles
c) High urban populations
d) Government employment
Answer: b

45. The number of Indigenous languages mentioned in the text is _____.

a) At least 35
b) Exactly 20
c) Fewer than 10
d) More than 100
Answer: a

46. The Santhal Rebellion is an example of _____.

a) Language development
b) Colonial resistance
c) Natural disaster
d) Economic reform
Answer: b

47. The government’s language initiative is at the level of _____.

a) Primary school
b) High school
c) University
d) Preschool
Answer: d

48. Indigenous languages are becoming endangered due to _____.

a) Traditions
b) Dominance of Bangla
c) Technological growth
d) Agriculture
Answer: b

49. The construction of the dam disrupted Indigenous people’s _____.

a) Education
b) Cultural land connection
c) Industrial jobs
d) Sports
Answer: b

50. The overarching theme of the text is _____.

a) Urbanization in cities
b) Challenges faced by Indigenous communities
c) Political development
d) Tourism in hill tracts
Answer: b

📘 50 Vocabulary with Bengali Meaning, Synonym, Antonym & Parts of Speech

1. Indigenous

Meaning: আদিবাসী / স্থানীয়
Synonym: native
Antonym: foreign
Part of Speech: adjective

2. Distinct

Meaning: স্বতন্ত্র
Synonym: unique
Antonym: similar
Part of Speech: adjective

3. Endangered

Meaning: বিলুপ্তপ্রায়
Synonym: threatened
Antonym: safe
Part of Speech: adjective

4. Dominance

Meaning: আধিপত্য
Synonym: control
Antonym: weakness
Part of Speech: noun

5. Extinction

Meaning: বিলুপ্তি
Synonym: disappearance
Antonym: survival
Part of Speech: noun

6. Resistance

Meaning: প্রতিরোধ
Synonym: opposition
Antonym: surrender
Part of Speech: noun

7. Oppression

Meaning: নির্যাতন / দমন
Synonym: injustice
Antonym: freedom
Part of Speech: noun

8. Uprising

Meaning: বিদ্রোহ
Synonym: rebellion
Antonym: submission
Part of Speech: noun

9. Contribution

Meaning: অবদান
Synonym: donation
Antonym: withdrawal
Part of Speech: noun

10. Preserve

Meaning: সংরক্ষণ করা
Synonym: protect
Antonym: destroy
Part of Speech: verb

11. Hurdle

Meaning: বাধা
Synonym: obstacle
Antonym: support
Part of Speech: noun

12. Resource

Meaning: সম্পদ
Synonym: supply
Antonym: lack
Part of Speech: noun

13. Displace

Meaning: উচ্ছেদ করা
Synonym: uproot
Antonym: settle
Part of Speech: verb

14. Livelihood

Meaning: জীবিকা
Synonym: income
Antonym: unemployment
Part of Speech: noun

15. Marginalization

Meaning: উপেক্ষা / প্রান্তিককরণ
Synonym: discrimination
Antonym: inclusion
Part of Speech: noun

16. Submerge

Meaning: নিমজ্জিত হওয়া
Synonym: flood
Antonym: rise
Part of Speech: verb

17. Cultural

Meaning: সাংস্কৃতিক
Synonym: traditional
Antonym: uncultured
Part of Speech: adjective

18. Legacy

Meaning: উত্তরাধিকার
Synonym: heritage
Antonym: loss
Part of Speech: noun

19. Warning

Meaning: সতর্কবার্তা
Synonym: alert
Antonym: encouragement
Part of Speech: noun

20. Construction

Meaning: নির্মাণ
Synonym: building
Antonym: destruction
Part of Speech: noun

21. Flatlands

Meaning: সমভূমি
Synonym: plains
Antonym: hills
Part of Speech: noun

22. Belief system

Meaning: বিশ্বাসব্যবস্থা
Synonym: ideology
Antonym: disbelief
Part of Speech: noun

23. Richness

Meaning: সমৃদ্ধি
Synonym: abundance
Antonym: scarcity
Part of Speech: noun

24. Global

Meaning: বৈশ্বিক
Synonym: worldwide
Antonym: local
Part of Speech: adjective

25. Issue

Meaning: সমস্যা / বিষয়
Synonym: problem
Antonym: solution
Part of Speech: noun

26. Colonial

Meaning: ঔপনিবেশিক
Synonym: imperial
Antonym: sovereign
Part of Speech: adjective

27. Role

Meaning: ভূমিকা
Synonym: function
Antonym: irrelevance
Part of Speech: noun

28. Highlight

Meaning: গুরুত্ব দেওয়া / তুলে ধরা
Synonym: emphasize
Antonym: ignore
Part of Speech: verb

29. Effort

Meaning: প্রচেষ্টা
Synonym: attempt
Antonym: neglect
Part of Speech: noun

30. Funded

Meaning: অর্থায়িত
Synonym: financed
Antonym: defunded
Part of Speech: adjective

31. Higher education

Meaning: উচ্চশিক্ষা
Synonym: tertiary education
Antonym: primary education
Part of Speech: noun

32. Lack

Meaning: অভাব
Synonym: shortage
Antonym: abundance
Part of Speech: noun / verb

33. Surrounding

Meaning: চারপাশের
Synonym: nearby
Antonym: distant
Part of Speech: adjective

34. Language death

Meaning: ভাষার বিলুপ্তি
Synonym: language extinction
Antonym: language revival
Part of Speech: noun

35. Community

Meaning: সম্প্রদায়
Synonym: group
Antonym: individual
Part of Speech: noun

36. Threat

Meaning: হুমকি
Synonym: danger
Antonym: safety
Part of Speech: noun

37. Connection

Meaning: সংযোগ
Synonym: link
Antonym: separation
Part of Speech: noun

38. Modern

Meaning: আধুনিক
Synonym: contemporary
Antonym: ancient
Part of Speech: adjective

39. Survival

Meaning: টিকে থাকা
Synonym: existence
Antonym: extinction
Part of Speech: noun

40. Warn

Meaning: সতর্ক করা
Synonym: caution
Antonym: reassure
Part of Speech: verb

41. Curtail

Meaning: সীমিত করা
Synonym: reduce
Antonym: expand
Part of Speech: verb

42. Adhere

Meaning: অনুসরণ করা
Synonym: obey
Antonym: disobey
Part of Speech: verb

43. Strictly

Meaning: কঠোরভাবে
Synonym: rigidly
Antonym: loosely
Part of Speech: adverb

44. Delegation

Meaning: প্রতিনিধি দল
Synonym: committee
Antonym: individual
Part of Speech: noun

45. Threatened

Meaning: বিপন্ন
Synonym: endangered
Antonym: protected
Part of Speech: adjective

46. Attempt

Meaning: চেষ্টা

Synonym: try

Antonym: quit
Part of Speech: verb/noun

47. Include

Meaning: অন্তর্ভুক্ত করা
Synonym: add
Antonym: exclude
Part of Speech: verb

48. Construction

Meaning: নির্মাণ
Synonym: building
Antonym: demolition
Part of Speech: noun

49. Disruption

Meaning: বিঘ্ন
Synonym: disturbance
Antonym: continuity
Part of Speech: noun

50. Affect

Meaning: প্রভাবিত করা
Synonym: influence
Antonym: ignore
Part of Speech: verb

A. Vocabulary – Synonyms (20 Questions)

The word indigenous means —
a) foreign
b) native
c) artificial
d) temporary
Answer: b
The word distinct means —
a) similar
b) unclear
c) different
d) simple
Answer: c
Belief systems refer to —
a) religions
b) machines
c) languages
d) animals
Answer: a
Diverse means —
a) varied
b) single
c) limited
d) equal
Answer: a
The word flatlands refers to —
a) hilly regions
b) plains
c) deserts
d) forests
Answer: b
Economic practices means —
a) religious rituals
b) money-related activities
c) cultural dances
d) language forms
Answer: b
Home to means —
a) far from
b) belonging to
c) a place where something lives
d) moving through
Answer: c
Rest in the text means —
a) sleep
b) remaining part
c) food
d) speed
Answer: b
Groups means —
a) individuals
b) collections
c) enemies
d) plants
Answer: b
Living means —
a) dying
b) surviving
c) planting
d) building
Answer: b
Including means —
a) excluding
b) containing
c) separating
d) ignoring
Answer: b
Práctices means —
a) behaviors
b) buildings
c) conflicts
d) plants
Answer: a
Belief means —
a) doubt
b) faith
c) mistake
d) noise
Answer: b
Languages means —
a) fruits
b) systems of communication
c) weapons
d) houses
Answer: b
Northern means —
a) south
b) east
c) north
d) west
Answer: c
Southeastern means —
a) northwest
b) northeast
c) southeast
d) southwest
Answer: c
The word lifestyles means —
a) equipment
b) ways of living
c) buildings
d) journeys
Answer: b
Different means —
a) same
b) unlike
c) unclear
d) ugly
Answer: b
Hill means —
a) a small elevation of land
b) a sea
c) a desert
d) an insect
Answer: a
Speak means —
a) write
b) listen
c) talk
d) read
Answer: c

B. Vocabulary – Antonyms (15 Questions)

Antonym of distinct —
a) clear
b) same
c) sharp
d) unique
Answer: b
Antonym of diverse —
a) uniform
b) mixed
c) varied
d) broad
Answer: a
Antonym of indigenous —
a) native
b) local
c) foreign
d) ancient
Answer: c
Antonym of rest (remaining part) —
a) none
b) whole
c) start
d) end
Answer: b
Antonym of economic —
a) financial
b) unimportant
c) non-financial
d) cultural
Answer: c
Antonym of belief —
a) doubt
b) trust
c) truth
d) hope
Answer: a
Antonym of living —
a) existing
b) active
c) dying
d) rising
Answer: c
Antonym of northern —
a) south
b) east
c) west
d) center
Answer: a
Antonym of southeastern —
a) northeast
b) southwest
c) northwest
d) south
Answer: c
Antonym of speak —
a) talk
b) shout
c) listen
d) whisper
Answer: c
Antonym of home —
a) house
b) outside
c) shelter
d) location
Answer: b
Antonym of most —
a) many
b) few
c) all
d) every
Answer: b
Antonym of flatlands —
a) plains
b) hills
c) cities
d) coasts
Answer: b
Antonym of practices —
a) habits
b) theories
c) activities
d) methods
Answer: b
Antonym of diverse —
a) narrow
b) identical
c) stronger
d) beautiful
Answer: b

C. Parts of Speech (15 Questions)

The word Bangladesh in the text is a —
a) verb
b) adjective
c) noun
d) adverb
Answer: c
The word indigenous is a —
a) verb
b) adjective
c) noun
d) adverb
Answer: b
The word groups is a —
a) noun
b) verb
c) adjective
d) adverb
Answer: a
The word living (most living in…) is a —
a) verb
b) adjective (participle)
c) adverb
d) noun
Answer: b
The word flatlands is a —
a) noun
b) verb
c) adjective
d) adverb
Answer: a
The word distinct is a —
a) verb
b) adjective
c) adverb
d) pronoun
Answer: b
The word lifestyles is a —
a) noun
b) verb
c) adverb
d) preposition
Answer: a
The word speak is a —
a) verb
b) noun
c) adjective
d) adverb
Answer: a
The word rest (remaining) is a —
a) verb
b) noun
c) adjective
d) conjunction
Answer: b
The word belief is a —
a) noun
b) verb
c) adverb
d) adjective
Answer: a
The word economic is a —
a) noun
b) adjective
c) verb
d) adverb
Answer: b
The word including is a —
a) preposition
b) pronoun
c) verb
d) noun
Answer: a
The word practices (economic practices) is a —
a) verb
b) noun
c) adverb
d) adjective
Answer: b
The word languages is a —
a) verb
b) adverb
c) noun
d) adjective
Answer: c
The word they is a —
a) verb
b) pronoun
c) adjective
d) conjunction
Answer: b

Health is the condition of our body and mind. It may be good or bad. Good health means healthy body free from diseases. It is essential for everyone to lead a happy life. If we are not in good health, we cannot concentrate on any activity in our life.

A proverb goes, “Health is wealth.” It means health is equally valuable as gold or any other personal possessions. We may have vast wealth and property, but if we are not healthy we cannot enjoy them.

To keep ourselves healthy, we have to do certain things. We have to take a balanced diet. We must exercise regularly to keep our body fit for work.

There is an old saying:

“Early to bed and early to rise

Makes a person healthy, wealthy and wise.”

So we should not keep late hours. We should go to bed early at night and rise early in the morning. Peace of mind is another condition for good health. So we must not worry over small things of life.

বাংলা অর্থ:

স্বাস্থ্য হলো আমাদের শরীর ও মনের অবস্থা। এটি ভালো বা খারাপ হতে পারে। ভালো স্বাস্থ্য বলতে রোগ-ব্যাধিমুক্ত সুস্থ শরীরকে বোঝায়। সুখী জীবন যাপনের জন্য সবারই ভালো স্বাস্থ্যের প্রয়োজন। আমরা যদি সুস্থ না হই, তবে জীবনের কোনো কাজেই মনোযোগ দিতে পারি না।

একটি প্রবাদ আছে, “স্বাস্থ্যই সম্পদ।” এর অর্থ হলো স্বাস্থ্য সোনা বা অন্য কোনো ব্যক্তিগত সম্পদের মতোই মূল্যবান। আমাদের প্রচুর ধন-সম্পদ থাকতে পারে, কিন্তু আমরা যদি সুস্থ না থাকি, তবে এগুলো উপভোগ করতে পারব না।

সুস্থ থাকতে হলে আমাদের কিছু কাজ করতে হবে। আমাদের সুষম খাদ্য গ্রহণ করতে হবে। কাজের উপযোগী থাকতে নিয়মিত ব্যায়াম করতেই হবে।

একটি পুরোনো প্রবাদ আছে—
“রাত্রে তাড়াতাড়ি শোও, সকালে তাড়াতাড়ি ওঠো—
মানুষকে করে স্বাস্থ্যবান, ধনবান ও জ্ঞানী।”

অতএব, আমাদের দেরি করে জাগা উচিত নয়। রাতে তাড়াতাড়ি ঘুমাতে যাওয়া এবং সকালে তাড়াতাড়ি উঠা উচিত। মানসিক শান্তিও ভালো স্বাস্থ্যের একটি শর্ত। তাই জীবনের ছোটখাটো বিষয় নিয়ে দুশ্চিন্তা করা উচিত নয়।

Fill in the Gaps – 1

Good health is necessary for leading a (a) ——– life. A person who is unhealthy cannot (b) ——– any work properly. To remain healthy, we must take care of our (c) ——–. Regular physical exercise helps us stay (d) ——–. We should also keep our mind free from (e) ——– worries.

Answer Key – 1

(a) happy
(b) perform
(c) body
(d) active
(e) unnecessary

Fill in the Gaps – 2

Health is more valuable than (a) ——–. Without good health, we cannot (b) ——– the joys of life. A balanced diet gives our body the (c) ——– it needs. We should rise early in the (d) ——– to maintain good health. Peace of mind is also (e) ——– for a healthy life.

Answer Key – 2

(a) wealth
(b) enjoy
(c) energy
(d) morning
(e) important

Fill in the Gaps – 3

If we do not follow the rules of good health, we may (a) ——– many diseases. Fresh food and regular exercise keep our body (b) ——–. Too much stress can harm both our body and (c) ——–. So we must keep our mind (d) ——– and free from anxiety. Sound health helps us lead a (e) ——– life.

Answer Key – 3

(a) suffer from
(b) strong
(c) mind
(d) calm
(e) successful

Fill in the Gaps – 4

There is a proverb that health is (a) ——–. It teaches us the great value of good health. A person with poor health cannot use his (b) ——– properly. To stay healthy, we should go to bed (c) ——– and get up early. We must take a (d) ——– diet every day. A peaceful mind is also a sign of (e) ——– health.

Answer Key – 4

(a) wealth
(b) wealth / property
(c) early
(d) balanced
(e) good

Read the text and answer the questions 5& 6.

Charles Babbage was an English Mathematician. He was a mechanical engineer who is best known for originating the concept of computer. He was born on 26 December 1791 in London. He entered Trinity College in October 1810. He was transferred to peter house, Cambridge. He was the top Mathematician there. He received an honorary degree without examination in 1814. He was elected a fellow of the royal society in 1816. From 1828 to 1839 Babbage was Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University. Babbage is famous for inventing the first mechanical computer in 1822 that eventually led to today’s computer. He died at his home in London on 18 October 1871.

চার্লস ব্যাবেজ একজন ইংরেজি গণিতজ্ঞ। তিনি একজন যান্ত্রিক প্রকৌশলী ছিলেন যিনি কম্পিউটারের ধারণা উদ্ভাবনের জন্য সবচেয়ে বেশি পরিচিত। তিনি ২৬ ডিসেম্বর ১৭৯১ সালে লন্ডনে জন্মগ্রহণ করেন। তিনি অক্টোবর ১৮১০ সালে ট্রিনিটি কলেজে ভর্তি হন। পরে তিনি কেমব্রিজের পিটার হাউসে স্থানান্তরিত হন। সেখানে তিনি শীর্ষ গণিতজ্ঞ ছিলেন। ১৮১৪ সালে তিনি পরীক্ষা ছাড়াই একটি সম্মানসূচক ডিগ্রি পান। ১৮১৬ সালে তিনি রয়্যাল সোসাইটির ফেলো নির্বাচিত হন। ১৮২৮ থেকে ১৮৩৯ পর্যন্ত ব্যাবেজ কেমব্রিজ বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ে লুসিয়ান প্রফেসর অব ম্যাথমেটিক্স ছিলেন। ব্যাবেজ ১৮২২ সালে প্রথম যান্ত্রিক কম্পিউটার আবিষ্কারের জন্য বিখ্যাত, যা শেষ পর্যন্ত আজকের কম্পিউটারের ভিত্তি স্থাপন করে। তিনি ১৮ অক্টোবর ১৮৭১ সালে লন্ডনে তাঁর বাসভবনে মৃত্যুবরণ করেন।

Read the passage again and write whether the statements are true or false. Give correct answer if the statement is false.

Charles Babbage was an English mathematician and mechanical engineer.
Babbage is best known for building the first electronic computer.
He was born on 26 December 1791 in London.
He began his studies at Peterhouse, Cambridge, before transferring to Trinity College.
Babbage was the top mathematician at Peterhouse, Cambridge.
He received his honorary degree in 1814 without having to take examinations.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1816.
Babbage served as the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University from 1828 to 1849.
His most famous invention, the first mechanical computer, was created in 1822.
Babbage’s work in the 19th century is considered a key origin of today’s computers.
He died in Cambridge on 18 October 1871.
Babbage entered Trinity College, Cambridge, in October 1810.
He was primarily a theoretical physicist rather than an engineer.
The text states Babbage’s mechanical computer eventually led to modern computers.
Before becoming a professor, Babbage was already a recognized Fellow of the Royal Society.

Answers:

True
False (He is known for originating the concept and inventing the first mechanical computer, not an electronic one.)
True
False (He entered Trinity College first, then transferred to Peterhouse.)
True
True
True
False (He held the position from 1828 to 1839, not 1849.)
True
True
False (He died at his home in London, not in Cambridge.)
True
False (He is described as a mathematician and mechanical engineer.)
True
True (He was elected in 1816, before his professorship began in 1828.)

Extra:

Charles Babbage was an English mathematician. ✅ True
He was born on 18 October 1871 in London. ❌ False
Babbage is known for originating the concept of the computer. ✅ True
He entered Trinity College in October 1820. ❌ False
He transferred to Peterhouse, Cambridge, and became the top mathematician there. ✅ True
He received an honorary degree without examination in 1814. ✅ True
Babbage was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1816. ✅ True
He invented the first mechanical computer in 1822. ✅ True
He served as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge from 1828 to 1839. ✅ True
Charles Babbage died in Paris. ❌ False

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