JSC Unit: 5 Lesson 1(B) Bangabandhu and the Language Movement
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was one of the few student leaders who played a significant role in turning the Language Movement into a mass movement.
āĻ¯ā§ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻā§ āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻļā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻšāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽāĨ¤
As a student leader, he was the central figure in organizing mass gatherings, rallies and strikes for raising awareness against the discriminatory language policy of Pakistan.
āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻŦā§āĻˇāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ¸āĻā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ˛āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ,āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻāĻž āĻ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤
The Language Movement started when the Governor General of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, declared âUrdu and only Urdu shall be the state language of Pakistanâ on 19 March 1948 at the Race Course Maidan while addressing a public gathering.
āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻšā§ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ ā§§ā§¯ā§Ēā§Ž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° ā§§ā§¯ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ, āĻ¯ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¨āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ āĻŽā§āĻšāĻžāĻŽā§āĻŽāĻĻ āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻš āĻ°ā§āĻ¸āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¸ āĻŽā§āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻāĻžā§ āĻŦāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖāĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, “āĻāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻžāĨ¤”
He again uttered the same on 24 March 1948 at the University of Dhaka during his convocation speech. The students instantly protested against this announcement vehemently.
āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ ā§§ā§¯ā§Ēā§Ž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° ā§¨ā§Ē āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžā§āĨ¤
It was the time when young Mujib started organizing the student front of Muslim League in East Pakistan. He was proud of his Bengali identity band very active to initiate strikes and protests against the language policy of Pakistan government.
āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ āĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ā§āĻ° āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻŽā§āĻ¸āĻ˛āĻŋāĻŽ āĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ°Â āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĢā§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋā§ā§Â āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ āĻ¸āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Later, the then Prime Minister of Pakistan Khwaja Nazimuddin echoed the statement of Mr. Jinnah on 26 January 1952. Mujib was in prison during this time due to his political activism and was admitted to the Dhaka Medical College under police custody.
āĻĒāĻ°āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ¤ā§āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻžāĻāĻž āĻ¨āĻžāĻāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ ā§§ā§¯ā§Ģā§¨āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° ā§¨ā§Ŧ āĻļā§ āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ā§āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻšāĻ° āĻŦāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻļ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ°āĻžā§ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ āĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
However, he stayed in constant touch with other leaders directly engaged in the movement to make Bangla the state language. His directions from poison led the movement to a success. On 14 February, he started a hunger strike there
āĻ¤āĻŦā§, āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻā§āĻā§ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° (āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ) āĻ¸āĻžāĻŦāĻā§āĻˇāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĻ¨āĻžā§ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤ ā§§ā§Ē āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻ āĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤āĨ¤
During a general strike on 21 February 1952 the protesting students tried to defy Section 144 imposed by the government.
ā§§ā§¯ā§Ģā§¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ ā§¨ā§§āĻļā§ āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāĻ˛āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ ā§§ā§Ēā§Ē āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
The police opened fired and killed a number of students including Abdus Salam, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed, Abul Barkat, Abdul Jabar and others.
āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻļ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¸ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ, āĻ°āĻĢāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻšāĻŽā§āĻĻ, āĻāĻŦā§āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ°āĻāĻ¤, āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻ¸āĻš āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
In his autobiography, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman says, â…… We decided in the meeting in my room to observe 21 February as the State Language Day and to form a committee that day to conduct the movement to establish Bangla as the state language.â
āĻļā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ° āĻ°āĻšāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨, “—– āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻā§āĻˇā§ āĻāĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻžā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ°āĻž ā§¨ā§§ āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĻā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¸ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ°Â āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤”
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
1.Significant (adj) 2.Organize (v) 3.Rally (n) 4.Raise (v) 5.Awareness (n) 6.Discrimination (adj) 7.Address (v) 8.Convocation (n) 9.Instantly(adj) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§āĨ¤ āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŖ ā§¨āĨ¤ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§ŠāĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ, āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻāĻž ā§ĒāĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§Ģ. āĻ¸āĻā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻāĻ¤āĻž ā§Ŧ. āĻŦā§āĻˇāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ, āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ ā§. āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§ āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ/ āĻŦāĻā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻž ā§Ž. āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ ā§¯. āĻ¤ā§āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¨āĻžā§ |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
1o. Announcement (adj) 11. Vehemently (adv) 12. Identity (n) 13. Initiate (by) 14. Echo (v) 15. Constant (adj) 16. Hunger (n) 17. Strike (n) 18. Defy(v) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§ā§Ļ.āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¨āĻž ā§§ā§§. āĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ / āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻ˛āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ ā§§ā§¨. āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻā§/ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤āĻŋ ā§§ā§Š. āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Ē. āĻĒā§āĻ¨āĻ°āĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻĒā§āĻŖāĻ°āĻžā§ āĻŦāĻ˛āĻž ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻā§āĻˇāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻ āĻ¨āĻļāĻ¨, āĻāĻĒāĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ ā§§ā§. āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ ā§§ā§Ž. āĻ āĻŦāĻā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
19. Impose (v) 20. Including (pre) 21. Autobiography (n) 22. Conduct (v) 23. Established (v) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§ā§¯. āĻāĻ°ā§āĻĒ āĻāĻ°āĻž/ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§¨ā§Ļ. āĻ¸āĻš/ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§ ā§¨ā§§. āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§ ā§¨ā§¨. āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§¨ā§Š. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž |
Prepared & Translated By,
Md. Rokon Uddin (Rumon)
MBA. BA Honâs (English)
Email: rumonscb@gmail.com