JSC Unit: 5 Lesson 1(B) Bangabandhu and the Language Movement
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was one of the few student leaders who played a significant role in turning the Language Movement into a mass movement.
āϝ⧠āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāύā§āϤāĻž āĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύāĻā§ āĻāĻŖ āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύ⧠āĻĒāϰāĻŋāύāϤ āĻāϰā§āύ, āĻļā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āϰ āϰāĻšāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻŽāϧā§āϝ⧠āĻ āύā§āϝāϤāĻŽāĨ¤
As a student leader, he was the central figure in organizing mass gatherings, rallies and strikes for raising awareness against the discriminatory language policy of Pakistan.
āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāύā§āϤāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻŦā§āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§āϞāĻ āĻāĻžāώāĻžāύā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āϏāĻā§āϤāύāϤāĻž āϏā§āώā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āϞāĻā§āώā§āϝ⧠āĻāύāϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ,āĻāύāϏāĻāĻž āĻ āϧāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻā§ā§āĻāύ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻā§āώā§āϤā§āϰ⧠āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤
The Language Movement started when the Governor General of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, declared âUrdu and only Urdu shall be the state language of Pakistanâ on 19 March 1948 at the Race Course Maidan while addressing a public gathering.
āĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§ā§āĻāĻŋāϞ ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§Ž āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ ⧧⧝ āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻ, āϝā§āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύā§āϰ āĻāϰā§āĻāύāϰ āĻā§āύāĻžāϰā§āϞ āĻŽā§āĻšāĻžāĻŽā§āĻŽāĻĻ āĻāϞ⧠āĻāĻŋāύā§āύāĻžāĻš āϰā§āϏāĻā§āϰā§āϏ āĻŽā§āĻĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻ āĻāύāϏāĻāĻžā§ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽā§ āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻž āĻāϰā§āύ, “āĻāϰā§āĻĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻāĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰ āĻāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻ āĻšāĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύā§āϰ āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāώāĻžāĨ¤”
He again uttered the same on 24 March 1948 at the University of Dhaka during his convocation speech. The students instantly protested against this announcement vehemently.
āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ ⧧⧝ā§Ēā§Ž āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ ⧍ā§Ē āĻŽāĻžāϰā§āĻ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝāĻžāϞā§ā§āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ āĻ āύā§āώā§āĻ āĻžāύā§āϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤā§āϤāĻžā§ āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧠āĻŦāϞā§āύāĨ¤ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻāĻžāϤā§āϰā§āϰāĻž āĻāĻ āĻā§āώāύāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āĻā§āϰāĻžāϞ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻžāύāĻžā§āĨ¤
It was the time when young Mujib started organizing the student front of Muslim League in East Pakistan. He was proud of his Bengali identity band very active to initiate strikes and protests against the language policy of Pakistan government.
āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāϞ āϏā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§ā§āϰ āĻāĻĨāĻž āϝāĻāύ āϤāϰā§āĻŖ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύ⧠āĻŽā§āϏāϞāĻŋāĻŽ āϞā§āĻā§āĻ°Â āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻĢā§āϰāύā§āĻ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤ āϤāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āϤāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻžāϞāĻŋ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤāĻŋ āύāĻŋā§ā§Â āĻāϰā§āĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύāĻŋ āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰā§āϰ āĻāĻžāώāĻžāύā§āϤāĻŋāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āϧ⧠āĻāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϏā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻā§āĻŦāĻ āϏāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύāĨ¤
Later, the then Prime Minister of Pakistan Khwaja Nazimuddin echoed the statement of Mr. Jinnah on 26 January 1952. Mujib was in prison during this time due to his political activism and was admitted to the Dhaka Medical College under police custody.
āĻĒāϰāĻŦāϰā§āϤā§āϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻŋāϏā§āϤāĻžāύā§āϰ āϤā§āĻāĻžāϞā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāϧāĻžāύ āĻŽāύā§āϤā§āϰ⧠āĻāĻžāĻāĻž āύāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻŽā§āĻĻā§āĻĻā§āύ ⧧⧝ā§Ģ⧍āϰ āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ ⧍ā§Ŧ āĻļā§ āĻāĻžāύā§ā§āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāύā§āύāĻžāĻšāϰ āĻŦāĻā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝā§āϰ āĻĒā§āύāϰāĻžāĻŦā§āϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ āϤāĻāύ āϤāĻāύāϤāĻžāϰ āϰāĻžāĻāύā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻžāύā§āĻĄā§āϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āĻāĻŦāĻ āϤāĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻļ āĻĒā§āϰāĻšāϰāĻžā§ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻā§āϞ āĻāϞā§āĻ āĻšāĻžāϏāĻĒāĻžāϤāĻžāϞ⧠āĻāϰā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
However, he stayed in constant touch with other leaders directly engaged in the movement to make Bangla the state language. His directions from poison led the movement to a success. On 14 February, he started a hunger strike there
āϤāĻŦā§, āĻ āύā§āϝāĻžāύā§āϝ āύā§āϤāĻž āϝāĻžāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžāĻā§ āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰāĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύā§āϰ āϏāĻā§āĻā§ āϏāϰāĻžāϏāϰāĻŋ āϝā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāĻŋāϞā§āύ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āϤāĻāύāϤāĻžāϰ (āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦ) āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻā§āώāύāĻŋāĻ āϝā§āĻāĻŋāϝā§āĻ āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻāĻžāϰāĻžāĻāĻžāϰ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻžā§ āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύāĻā§ āϏāĻžāĻĢāϞā§āϝā§āϰ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻŋāϞāĨ¤ ā§§ā§Ē āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āϰā§ā§āĻžāϰāĻŋ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋ āϏā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠āĻ āύāĻļāύ āϧāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻāϰā§āύāĨ¤āĨ¤
During a general strike on 21 February 1952 the protesting students tried to defy Section 144 imposed by the government.
⧧⧝ā§Ģ⧍ āϏāĻžāϞā§āϰ āϧāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāϞāĻžāĻāĻžāϞ⧠⧍⧧āĻļā§ āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āϰā§ā§āĻžāϰāĻŋ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāύ āϧāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāϞāĻāĻžāϞā§āύ āĻĒā§āϰāϤā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āϏāϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻā§āώāĻŋāϤ ā§§ā§Ēā§Ē āϧāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
The police opened fired and killed a number of students including Abdus Salam, Rafiq Uddin Ahmed, Abul Barkat, Abdul Jabar and others.
āĻĒā§āϞāĻŋāĻļ āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻžāϞāĻžāϞ⧠āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϏ āϏāĻžāϞāĻžāĻŽ, āϰāĻĢāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āύ āĻāĻšāĻŽā§āĻĻ, āĻāĻŦā§āϞ āĻŦāϰāĻāϤ, āĻāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϞ āĻāĻŦā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāϏāĻš āĻāϰ⧠āĻ āύā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻā§ āĻšāϤā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
In his autobiography, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman says, â…… We decided in the meeting in my room to observe 21 February as the State Language Day and to form a committee that day to conduct the movement to establish Bangla as the state language.â
āĻļā§āĻ āĻŽā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āϰ āϰāĻšāĻŽāĻžāύ āϤāĻžāĻāϰ āĻāϤā§āĻŽāĻā§āĻŦāύā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāϞā§āύ, “—– āĻāĻŽāĻžāϰ āĻāĻā§āώ⧠āĻāĻ āϏāĻāĻžā§ āĻāĻŽāϰāĻž ⧍⧧ āĻĢā§āĻŦā§āϰā§ā§āĻžāϰāĻŋāĻā§ āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰāĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāϏ āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻāϰāĻžāĻ°Â āĻāĻŦāĻ āϏā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻžāĻā§ āϰāĻžāώā§āĻā§āϰāĻāĻžāώāĻž āĻšāĻŋāϏā§āĻŦā§ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āĻĻā§āϞāύ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ āĻŖ āĻāϰāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŋāĻĻā§āϧāĻžāύā§āϤ āĻā§āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰāĻŋāĨ¤”
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž |
New Word
1.Significant (adj) 2.Organize (v) 3.Rally (n) 4.Raise (v) 5.Awareness (n) 6.Discrimination (adj) 7.Address (v) 8.Convocation (n) 9.Instantly(adj) |
āύāϤā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§āĨ¤ āĻā§āϰā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ ⧍āĨ¤ āĻā§ā§āĻāύ āĻāϰāĻž ā§ŠāĨ¤ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ, āĻāύāϏāĻāĻž ā§ĒāĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž ā§Ģ. āϏāĻā§āϤāύāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āϏāϰā§āϤāĻāϤāĻž ā§Ŧ. āĻŦā§āώāĻŽā§āϝāĻŽā§āϞāĻ, āĻĒāĻā§āώāĻĒāĻžāϤāĻŽā§āϞāĻ ā§. āĻāĻžāϰ⧠āĻāĻĻā§āĻĻā§āĻļā§ āĻāĻžāώāĻŖ/ āĻŦāĻā§āϤā§āϤāĻž ā§Ž. āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻŦāϰā§āϤāύ ⧝. āϤā§āĻā§āώāύāĻžā§ |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž |
New Word
1o. Announcement (adj) 11. Vehemently (adv) 12. Identity (n) 13. Initiate (by) 14. Echo (v) 15. Constant (adj) 16. Hunger (n) 17. Strike (n) 18. Defy(v) |
āύāϤā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§ā§Ļ.āĻā§āώāύāĻž ā§§ā§§. āĻā§āϰāĻžāϞā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ / āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦāϞāĻāĻžāĻŦ⧠⧧⧍. āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻā§/ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻŋāϤāĻŋ ā§§ā§Š. āϏā§āϤā§āϰāĻĒāĻžāϤ āĻāϰāĻž, āϏā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž ā§§ā§Ē. āĻĒā§āύāϰāĻžāĻŦā§āϤā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž, āĻĒā§āĻŖāϰāĻžā§ āĻŦāϞāĻž ā§§ā§Ģ. āϏāĻžāϰā§āĻŦāĻā§āώāύāĻŋāĻ ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻ āύāĻļāύ, āĻāĻĒāĻŦāĻžāϏ ā§§ā§. āϧāϰā§āĻŽāĻāĻ ā§§ā§Ž. āĻ āĻŦāĻā§āĻāĻž āĻāϰāĻž, āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻž |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞāĻž |
New Word
19. Impose (v) 20. Including (pre) 21. Autobiography (n) 22. Conduct (v) 23. Established (v) |
āύāϤā§āύ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
⧧⧝. āĻāϰā§āĻĒ āĻāϰāĻž/ āĻāĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻāϰāĻž ⧍ā§Ļ. āϏāĻš/ āĻ āύā§āϤāϰā§āĻā§āĻā§āϤ āĻāϰ⧠⧍⧧. āĻāϤā§āĻŽāĻā§āĻŦāύ⧠⧍⧍. āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻāĻžāϞāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž ā§¨ā§Š. āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻāϰāĻž |
Prepared & Translated By,
Md. Rokon Uddin (Rumon)
MBA. BA Honâs (English)
Email: rumonscb@gmail.com