SSCSSC Seen

SSC Unit : 8; Lesson 1(B); The Shat Gambuj Mosque

‘Heritage’ is what we inherit from the past, live with them in the present and then pass on to our children or future generation. Our unique source of life and inspiration is our cultural and natural heritage.

āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ• āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϏ āϝāĻž āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰāϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāχ, āĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāϏ āĻ•āϰāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻžāύāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻĒā§āϰāϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āĻšāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ• āĻ“ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ• āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ āφāĻŽāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻœā§€āĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ āĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āϰāĻŖāĻžāĨ¤

When we speak of ‘World Heritage’, it indicates places and sites that we got from the past and pass on to the future generation of the entire world.

āϝāĻ–āύ āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāĻŋ, āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāύ āϏāĻŦ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻ“ āϜāĻžā§ŸāĻ—āĻž āχāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āϝāĻž āφāĻŽāϰāĻž āĻ…āϤ⧀āϤ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻĒā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›āĻŋ āĻ“ āϏāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§€āϰ āĻ­āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§Ž āĻĒā§āϰāϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‡āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϛ⧇ āϰ⧇āϖ⧇ āϝāĻžāχāĨ¤

The ‘Shat Gambuj Mosque’ in Bagerhat is such a heritage. It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985. Originally, the historic Mosque City was known as ‘ Khalifatabad’.

āĻŦāĻžāϗ⧇āϰāĻšāĻžāĻŸā§‡āϰ āώāĻžāϟ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ āĻāĻŽāύāχ āĻāĻ• āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻŋ ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ģ āϏāĻžāϞ⧇ āχāωāύ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϕ⧋āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦ āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āĻĒā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āĻāχ āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻļāĻšāϰ “āĻ–āϞāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϤāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ” āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻŋāϤāĨ¤

It is situated at the outskirts of Bagerhat town— not very far from the dense mangrove forest of the Sundarbans. Khalifatabad was a Muslim colony.

āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϗ⧇āϰāĻšāĻžāϟ āĻļāĻšāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āϰ⧇ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ, āϝāĻž āϏ⧁āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāϰāĻŦāύ⧇āϰ āϘāύ āĻŽā§āϝāĻžāύāĻ—ā§āϰ⧋āĻ­ āĻŦāύ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻŦ⧇āĻļāĻŋ āĻĻā§‚āϰ⧇ āύ⧟āĨ¤ āĻ–āϞāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāϤāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻ›āĻŋāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻŽā§āϏāϞāĻŋāĻŽ āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļāĨ¤

It was founded by the Turkish general, a saint warrior Ulugh Khan Jahan in the 15th century. The infrastructure of the city reveals significant technical skills in many mosques as well as early Islamic monuments.

āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžā§āϚāĻĻāĻļ āĻļāϤāĻžāĻŦā§āĻĻā§€āϤ⧇ āϤ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋ āĻœā§‡āύāĻžāϰ⧇āϞ āϧāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻĒāϰāĻžā§Ÿāύ āϝ⧋āĻĻā§āϧāĻž āωāϞ⧁āĻ— āĻ–āĻžāύāϜāĻžāĻšāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āϤ⧃āĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤ āĻļāĻšāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹ āĻ—ā§‹ā§œāĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇āϰ āχāϏāϞāĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻ“ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

Baked bricks are used for the construction of the buildings. The planning of the city is distinctly dominated by Islamic architecture and the decorations are a combination of Mughal and Turkish architecture.

āĻāχ āĻ­āĻŦāύāϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§‹ā§œāĻž āχāϟ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļāĻšāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāύāĻžā§Ÿ āχāϏāϞāĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝāĻ—āϤ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāϧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϞāĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āϞāĻ‚āĻ•āϰāϪ⧇ āĻŽā§‹āĻ—āϞ āĻ“ āϤ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦ⧟ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤

Khan Jahan built a network of roads, bridges, public buildings and reservoirs to make the city habitable. There are about 360 mosques in the city.

āĻ–āĻžāύāϜāĻžāĻšāĻžāύ āĻĒāϰāĻ¸ā§āĻĒāϰ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĒāĻĨ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ…āύ⧇āĻ• āϰāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĻž, āϏ⧇āϤ⧁, āϏāϰāĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŦāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϜāϞāĻžāϧāĻžāϰ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧇āύ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻļāĻšāϰāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāϏāĻŦāĻžāϏāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤āĻļāĻšāϰāϟāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻžā§Ÿ ā§Šā§Ŧā§Ļ āϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ āĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤

Among them the most remarkable is the multi-domed Shat Gombuj Mosque. The mosque is unique in the sense that it has 60 pillars that support the roof, with 77 low height domes.

āĻāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āώāĻžāϟ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ āϏāĻŦāĻšā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡ āωāĻ˛ā§āϞ⧇āĻ–āϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻāϟāĻŋ āĻāχ āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ⧇ āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϝ⧇, āĻāϤ⧇ ā§Ŧā§ĻāϟāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻŽ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻ›āĻžāĻĻāϕ⧇ āϧāϰ⧇ āϰāĻžāϖ⧇āĨ¤āϏ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ ā§­ā§­āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽ āωāĻšā§āϚāϤāĻžāϰ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤

The 4 towers at 4 corners have smaller domes on the roof as well. The vast prayer hall has 11 arched doorways on the east and 7 each on the north and south for light and Ventilation.

āĻāϰ āϚāĻžāϰ āϕ⧋āύāĻžā§Ÿ āϚāĻžāϰ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āϭ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāϗ⧇āĻ“ āϛ⧋āϟ āϛ⧋āϟ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻāϰ āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ āύāĻžāĻŽāĻžāϜ āϘāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ ā§§ā§§āϟāĻŋ āύāĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻĻāϰāϜāĻž āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇ āĻ“ āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰ –āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻŖ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āφāϞ⧋ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžā§Ÿā§ āϚāϞāĻžāϚāϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ ā§­āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻĻāϰāϜāĻž āφāϛ⧇āĨ¤

It has 7 aisles running along the length of the mosque and 11 deep curves between the slender stone columns. These columns support the curving arches created by the domes.

āĻāϤ⧇ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻĻ⧈āĻ°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻŦāϰāĻžāĻŦāϰ ā§­āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĻĄā§‹āϰ āφāϛ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ ā§§ā§§āϟāĻŋ āĻ–āĻŋāϞāĻžāύ āϞāĻ•ā§āώ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžā§Ÿ āϏāϰ⧁ āĻĒāĻžāĻĨāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āϭ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ–āĻžāύ⧇āĨ¤āĻāχ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­āϗ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟ āĻŦāĻžāρāĻ•āĻžāύ⧋ āϤ⧋āϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϕ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻžā§ŸāϤāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

The thickness of the arches is 6 feet and have slightly narrowing hollow and round wall. The west wall in the interior has 11 ‘mihrabs’ (niche in mosque pointing towards Makkah).

āĻāχ āϤāϰ⧁āĻŖāϗ⧁āϞ⧋āϰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ ā§ŦāĻĢāĻŋāϟ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāϤ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻžā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āϏāĻ‚āϕ⧀āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĢāĻžāρāĻĒāĻž āĻ“ āĻŦ⧃āĻ¤ā§āϤāĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻā§‡ā§ŸāĻžāϞ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ⧇ āĻĒāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāĻŽ āĻĻā§‡ā§ŸāĻžāϞāϟāĻŋ ā§§ā§§āϟāĻŋ ‘āĻŽā§‡āĻšāϰāĻžāĻŦ’ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇ (āϏāĻŽāϜāĻŋāĻĻ⧇āϰ āϭ⧇āϤāϰ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻž āϝāĻž āĻŽāĻ•ā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āχāĻļāĻžāϰāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇)āĨ¤

These mihrabs are decorated with stonework and terracotta. The floor of the mosque is made of brick. Besides being used as a prayer hall, Khan Jahan used the mosque as his court also.

‘āĻŽāĻŋāĻšāϰāĻžāĻŦāϗ⧁āĻ˛ā§‹â€™ āĻĒāĻžāĻĨāϰ āĻ“ āĻŸā§‡āϰāĻžāϕ⧋āϟāĻž āĻĻāĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ…āϞāĻ‚āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻāϟāĻŋāϰ āĻŽā§‡āĻā§‡ āχāĻŸā§‡āϰ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŽāϏāϜāĻŋāĻĻāϟāĻŋāϕ⧇ āύāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡āϰ āϘāϰ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ›āĻžā§œāĻžāĻ“ āĻ–āĻžāύāϜāĻžāĻšāĻžāύ āĻāϕ⧇ āϤāĻžāρāϰ āφāĻĻāĻžāϞāϤ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇āύāĨ¤

Today, it is one of the greatest tourist attractions and one of the best architectural beauties of Bangladesh.

āĻāĻ–āύ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āϝāϤāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāϟāĻ• āφāĻ•āĻ°ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āϏ⧇āϰāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϝ āϏ⧌āĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻ°ā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋāĨ¤

English evsjv
Vocabulary

1.Heritage (n)

2.Inherit (v)

3.Unique (adj)

4.Source (n)

5.Inspiration (n)

6.Cultural (adj)

7.Indicate (v)

8.Entire (adj)

āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ

1.āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ

2.āωāĻ¤ā§āϤāϰāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāϰāϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āϞāĻžāĻ­ āĻ•āϰāĻž

3.āĻ…āύāĻ¨ā§āϝ

4.āĻ‰ā§ŽāϏ

5.āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒā§āϰ⧇āϰāĻŖāĻž

6.āϏāĻžāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋāĻ•

7.āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ

8.āϏāĻŽāĻ—ā§āϰ

 

 

English evsjv
Vocabulary

09. Historic (adj)

10. Outskirts (n)

11. Dense (adj)

12. Colony (n)

13. Saint (n)

14. Warrior (n)

15. Infrastructure (n)

16. Significant (adj)

āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ

ā§Ļ⧝. āϐāϤāĻŋāĻšāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻ•

ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤāĻĻ⧇āĻļ

ā§§ā§§. āϘāύ/ āĻ—āĻ­ā§€āϰ

⧧⧍. āωāĻĒāύāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āĻļ

ā§§ā§Š. āϏāĻžāϧāĻ•, āϧāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻĒāϰāĻžā§ŸāĻŖ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ

ā§§ā§Ē. āϝ⧋āĻĻā§āϧāĻž

ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻ…āĻŦāĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹

ā§§ā§Ŧ. āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ

 

English evsjv
Vocabulary

17. Technical (adj)

18. Dominate (v)

19. Architecture (n)

20. Combination (n)

21. Reservoirs (n)

22. Habitable (adj)

23. Ventilation (n)

24. Aisle (n)

āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ

ā§§ā§­. āĻĒā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ

ā§§ā§Ž. āύāĻŋ⧟āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāĻž, āφāϧāĻŋāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻž

⧧⧝. āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āϝ

⧍ā§Ļ. āϏāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻŦ⧟

⧍⧧. āϜāϞāĻžāϧāĻžāϰ

⧍⧍. āĻŦāĻžāϏāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ

ā§¨ā§Š. āĻŦāĻžā§Ÿā§ āϚāϞāĻžāϚāϞ

⧍ā§Ē. āĻ•āϰāĻŋāĻĄā§‹āϰ

 

English evsjv
Vocabulary

25. Slender (adj)

26. Curving (v)

27. Interior (adj)

28. Create (v)

29. Domes (n)

30. Tourist (n)

31. Decoration (n)

32. Attraction (n)

āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāϰ

⧍ā§Ģ. āϏāϰ⧁

⧍ā§Ŧ. āĻŦāĻžāρāĻ•āĻžāύ⧋

⧍⧭. āĻ…āĻ­ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤāϰ

ā§¨ā§Ž. āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž

⧍⧝. āĻ—āĻŽā§āĻŦ⧁āϜ

ā§Šā§Ļ. āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāϟāĻ•

ā§Šā§§. āĻ…āϞāĻ‚āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻ•āϰāĻŖ

ā§Šā§¨. āφāĻ•āĻ°ā§āώāĻŖāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš