HSC Unit: 3 ; Lesson: 1(B); Lifestyle
China
Dining: Sit where you are instructed to sit. Be graceful and polite when taking food with chopsticks. Don’t make much noise when eating or drinking soup. Don’t play with chopsticks or point at anyone with them. For a formal dinner wear formal dress.
āĻā§āĻ¨
āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°/ āĻāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļāĻ¨āĻž āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšā§ā§āĻā§, āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ (āĻā§ā§āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ āĻŋ) āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ āĻāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻĒ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ¨āĻŋā§ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āĻļāĻžāĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Gift: Do present and receive things with hands. Politely refusing a gift before accepting it is the norm in Chinese culture, so don’t be discouraged when someone initially refuses your gift. white flowers are not good as gift as they symbolize death.
āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ āĻŦāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻ āĻĻā§āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ¯, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°āĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻĢā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻāĨ¤
Greetings: Shake hands softly as a firm handshake could be considered a sign of aggression. It may make your Chinese friends feel uncomfortable. Greet the most senior first and gradually others. Children are expected to greet you rather than you greeting the children.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ: āĻāĻ˛āĻ¤ā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻā§āĻ¨āĻ¨āĻž āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ§ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽā§ āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§ā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻŽā§ā§ā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§ āĻ¯ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§, āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
South Africa
Dining: Arrive on time. Wear casual clothes. Offer help to the hostess with the preparation of the meal and cleaning up after the meal is over. The guest is served first, then gradually the oldest male, rest of the men, children, and finally women. Do no begin to eat or drink anything until the oldest man at the table has begun. south African people usually do not use the left hand in taking meals.
āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°/ āĻāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻ¤/ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻĒā§āĻļāĻžāĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻˇā§ āĻ¤āĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§āĻā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽā§ āĻŦā§ā§āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻā§, āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§, āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻŽā§ā§ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻļā§āĻˇ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻŦā§ā§āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ ā§āĻ¯ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯ āĻĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻŖ āĻāĻĢā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
Gift: In general, South Africans give gifts on birthdays and Christmas. It is common for several friends to share the cost of a gift. If you are invited to a South African’s home, bring flowers and good quality chocolates to the host family.
āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤, āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¸ (āĻŦā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨) āĻāĻĒāĻ˛āĻā§āĻˇā§ āĻĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻŖ āĻāĻĢā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻĒāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻžāĻāĻžāĻāĻžāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻāĨ¤ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻŖ āĻāĻĢā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¨, āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻĨā§āĻ¯āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ āĻ¨āĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Greetings: When dealing with foreigners, most South Africans shake hands with a smile while maintaining eye-contact. Some women do not shake hands and merely nod their head, so it is best to wait for a woman to extend her hand. Men may kiss a woman they know well on the cheek in place of a handshake. Greetings are leisurely and are marked by good cheers.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ: āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻļāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§āĻļāĻž/ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻ āĻ§āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻāĻļ āĻĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻŖ āĻāĻĢā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ¸āĻŋāĻŽā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻžāĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻā§āĻā§ āĻā§āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻā§ āĻāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻāĻžā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž, āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ āĻāĻˇā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻĨāĻž āĻ¨ā§ā§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¨āĻžā§ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻž āĻŦāĻžā§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§āĻŽā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ§ā§āĻ°ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻĒāĻ āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
Great Britain
Dining: If you are invited to a dinner wait until your host (ess) indicates you to begin eating. You may use a piece of bread on a fork to soak up sauce or gravy. Never hold bread in your fingers to do this. You may eat chicken and pizza with your fingers if you are at a barbecue, or in a very informal setting. Otherwise always use a knife and fork.
āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨
āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°/ āĻāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§, āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ā§Â āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤āĻž/ āĻā§āĻšāĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻž āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻā§āĻāĻ°ā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻ¨ā§ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻāĻŋ (āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨) āĻ āĻĒāĻŋā§āĻ¸āĻžÂ āĻā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĻāĻž āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Gift: It is customary to take a small gift for the the host if invited to a home. This is usually flowers or chocolates. Some people may send flowers in advance of a dinner party but it is equally acceptable to take them on the day. Gifts are opened to receipt.
āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ°: āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°/ āĻā§āĻšāĻāĻ¤ā§āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻž āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻ¸āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻāĨ¤ āĻā§āĻ āĻā§āĻ āĻā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻ āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ āĻĒāĻžāĻ āĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ āĻŋāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ āĻĢā§āĻ˛ āĻ¨āĻŋā§ā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖāĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§āĻ āĻ¤āĻž āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
Greetings: A handshake is the most common form of greeting among the British people and is customary when you are introduced to somebody new. It is only when you meet a friend of the opposite sex whom you haven’t seen for a long time, that you would give a kiss on the cheek.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ:Â āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ˛ā§āĻāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŦāĻā§ā§ā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ°ā§āĻĒ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻāĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻ¤ āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ˛āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§, āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻ¨āĻ¨āĻŋ, āĻā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻā§āĻˇāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§āĻŽā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Middle East
Dining: Use your right hand when picking up and eating food; never you left hand, which you keep at your side. Do not place your left hand on the table, and do not use it to pass food. People use spoons, forks and knives, if necessary, and hardly any utensils.
āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻā§āĻ¯
āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°/ āĻāĻšāĻžāĻ°:Â āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻž āĻ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĄāĻžāĻ¨ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨; āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻŽā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻā§āĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻ, āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨, āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§ā§āĻāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻāĻŋā§ āĻā§āĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Gift: Gift are given frequently to show love, gratitude and respect. Any time you are invited to someone’s place, bring a gift. The most common gifts are food items such as pastries, chocolates, sweets and cookies. Dates are also commonly given as gifts. People also value food and arts and arts and crafts items from other cultures.
āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ°:Â āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻž, āĻā§āĻ¤āĻā§āĻāĻ¤āĻž āĻ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻž āĻĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžā§āĻ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§-āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻžā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻā§ā§ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻā§āĻŽ āĻ¯ā§āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ (āĻĒāĻŋāĻ āĻž), āĻāĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ, āĻŽāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻ āĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĨ¤ āĻā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻāĻ¸ā§āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻā§āĻ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻŽā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¯āĻžā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
Greetings:Â The most common greeting is salaam alaykum (‘May peace be upon you’), to which the reply is waalaykum as salaam (‘a peace be upon you too’). Shaking hands (between men) is an important gesture of mutual respect. Hugging and kissing on the cheeks between same sex people in social situations are quite common though it is strictly forbidden between men and women.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ:Â āĻ¸āĻŦāĻā§ā§ā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻšāĻ˛ā§ ‘āĻāĻ¸āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻā§āĻŽ” (āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§ āĻļāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§āĻ), āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ā§, ‘āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻā§āĻŽ āĻāĻ¸ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻŽ” ( āĻāĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ āĻļāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§āĻ)āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ°āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ˛ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻŦāĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻˇāĨ¤āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ˛āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻ āĻā§āĻŽā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž āĻā§āĻŦāĻ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§, āĻ¤āĻŦā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§-āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻāĻž āĻāĻ ā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻˇāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ§āĨ¤
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
Vocabulary
01.  Instruct (v) 02.  Graceful (adj) 03.  Polite (adj) 04.  Chopsticks (n) 05.  Present (v) 06.  Receive (v) 07.  Accept (v) 08.  Discourage (v) 09.  Handshake (n) 10.  Uncomfortable (adj) 11.  Gradually (adv) 12.  Arrive (v) 13.  Wear (v) 14.  Symbolise (v) 15.  Casual (adj) 16.  Christmas (n) 17.  Hostess (n) 18.  Dinner (n) 19.  Until (conj) 20.  Indicate (v) 21.  Otherwise (adv) 22.  Customary (adj) 23.  In advance (phr) 24.  Among (pre) 25.  Pick up (phr. v) 26.  Place (v) 27.  Hardly (adv) 28.  Pastry (n) 29.  Value (v) 30.  Hugging (n) 31.  Quite (adv) 32.  Strictly (adv) 33.  Forbidden (adj) |
āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°
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