JSC Seen📖Class VIII

JSC Unit: 1; Lesson: 3 (B) & 4 (A)

The ethnic people in Bangladesh hold a very important place in the culture of the country. The majority of these people live in the Chittagong Hill Tracts.

āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖ āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻž āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĻāĻ–āĻ˛ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ‚āĻļ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇāĻ‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

The others live in the regions of Mymensingh, Rajshahi and Sylhet. They live in forest areas, in the hills and in rural areas.

āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ°āĻž āĻŽā§ŸāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚āĻš, āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻļāĻžāĻšā§€ āĻ“ āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻ…āĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛, āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤ āĻ“ āĻĒāĻ˛ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

They practise Jhum cultivation. They clear a piece of land in the forest, prepare it and sow seeds in it.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻœā§āĻŽ āĻšāĻžāĻˇ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ•āĻžāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻœāĻŽāĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡, āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŸāĻžāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§€āĻœ āĻŦāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

They are mostly farmers. By religion they are Hindus, Christians or Buddhists. They speak their own mother tongues.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻ•ā§ƒāĻˇāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§, āĻ–ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ“ āĻŦā§ŒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ­ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ­āĻžāĻˇāĻžā§Ÿ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

Some of them are the Chakmas, the Marmans, the Tipperas and the Moorangs who live in the Hill Tracts. The Santals live in Rajshahi. The Khasias and the Monipuries live in Sylhet and the Hajangs and the Garos in Mymensingh.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻšāĻžāĻ•āĻŽāĻž, āĻŽāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻž, āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŽā§āĻ°āĻ‚ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤Â  āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻ“āĻ¤āĻžāĻ˛āĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻœāĻļāĻžāĻšā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ–āĻžāĻ¸āĻŋā§ŸāĻž āĻ āĻŽāĻŖāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĻŸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻšāĻžāĻœāĻ‚ āĻ†āĻ° āĻ—āĻžāĻ°ā§‹āĻ°āĻž āĻŽā§ŸāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŋāĻ‚āĻšā§‡ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Most of these ethnic people living in Bangladesh have some common characteristics. They have their own lifestyles.

āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§€ āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ‚āĻļ āĻ¨ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—āĻŖā§‡āĻ°āĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ­ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœāĻ¸ā§āĻŦ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

They build their houses on bamboo or wooden platforms called ‘machang’. Rice is their staple food. They eat vegetables, maize and fish, poultry and meat.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§‡āĻ° āĻ•āĻžāĻ ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻŸāĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻŦāĻžā§œāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻļāĻžāĻ•āĻ¸āĻŦāĻœāĻŋ, āĻŽāĻžāĻ›, āĻŽāĻžāĻ‚āĻ¸, āĻ­ā§āĻŸā§āĻŸāĻž āĻ“ āĻ—ā§ƒāĻšāĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ–āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ‚āĻ¸ āĻ–ā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤

Their kitchen utensils are bamboo, wooden and earthen pots which they make themselves. Men wear lungis and women wear thamis or sarongs and angis.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸āĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻļ, āĻ•āĻžāĻ  āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¯āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤ā§ˆāĻ°āĻŋ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻ˛ā§āĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻ…āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§‹āĻ‚āĻ¸ āĻ“ āĻ…ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨āĻœāĻŋāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Women weave their own clothes. Hunting and fishing are their favourite pastimes. They are fond of songs, music, dances, theater and fair.

āĻ¨āĻžāĻ°ā§€āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‹āĻļāĻžāĻ• āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ“ āĻŽāĻžāĻ› āĻ§āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋā§Ÿ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ° āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ—āĻžāĻ¨, āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§€āĻ¤, āĻ¨ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯, āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§Ÿ āĻ“ āĻŽā§‡āĻ˛āĻž āĻĒāĻ›āĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĨ¤

Traditional musical instruments used are bugles made from buffalo horns, drums and bamboo flutes. Wrestling is a popular sport for them.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāĻˇā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ‰āĻŦāĻ˛,āĻĄā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽ āĻ“ āĻŦāĻžāĻļā§‡āĻāĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻļāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ•ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻšāĻ˛ā§‹ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŋā§Ÿ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛āĻž

English āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻž
Vocabulary

01.Ethnic (adj)

02.Important (adj)

03.Live (v)

04.Region (n)

05.Rural (adj)

06.Cultivation (n)

07.Prepare (v)

08.Characteristic (n)

09.Staple (adj)

10.Pastime (n)

11.Traditional (adj)

12.Flute (n)

13.Wrestling (n)

14.Weave (v)

15.Wear (v)

āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ°

ā§Ļ‌ā§§. āĻ¨ā§ƒāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•, āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻœāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§€ā§Ÿ

ā§Ļā§¨. āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ

ā§Ļā§Š. āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž

ā§Ļā§Ē. āĻ…āĻžā§āĻšāĻ˛

ā§Ļā§Ģ. āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ¯, āĻĒāĻ˛ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ

ā§Ļā§Ŧ. āĻšāĻžāĻˇāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻ

ā§Ļā§­. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž

ā§Ļā§Ž. āĻŦā§ˆāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āĻ¯

ā§Ļā§¯. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨

ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ°, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‹āĻĻāĻ¨

ā§§ā§§. āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§€/ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻžāĻ—āĻ¤

ā§§ā§¨. āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻļāĻŋ

ā§§ā§Š. āĻ•ā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ/ āĻŽāĻ˛ā§āĻ˛āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§

ā§§ā§Ē. āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§‹

ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž