JSC Seen📖Class VIII

JSC Unit: 7; Lesson-4(B); Rivers Gypsies in Bangladesh 2

River gypsies in Bangladesh are having various problems. First, Bangladesh is urbanizing very rapidly. Gypsy people are losing their customers in urban population.

āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§‚āĻ–ā§€āĻ¨ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻ—āĻ°āĻžā§ŸāĻŖ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻļāĻšā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ ā§€ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Hence, their income is threatened. Secondly, 24,000 kilometers of previous waterways has shrunk into only 6,000 kilometers in the country in dry seasons.

āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ†ā§Ÿ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻŽāĻ•āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§‡ āĻĒā§œā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§€ā§ŸāĻ¤, āĻĻā§‡āĻļā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ•āĻžāĻ° ā§¨ā§Ēā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ˛āĻĒāĻĨ āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āĻŖ/ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§€āĻŖ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡ āĻļā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ• āĻŽāĻ“āĻ¸ā§āĻŽā§‡ ā§Ŧā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸāĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŖāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Scientists believe that Bangladesh will be worst affected by global climate change. The unpredictable rain and drying out of rivers have made boat movement heavily restricted.

āĻŦā§ˆāĻžāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžā§Ÿā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻĢāĻ˛ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻļ āĻšāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻŦāĻšā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤ āĻ…āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻļāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āĻ“ āĻ¨āĻĻāĻ¨āĻĻā§€ āĻļā§āĻ•āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻž āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻž āĻšāĻ˛āĻžāĻšāĻ˛ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸ā§€āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĢā§‡āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ›āĨ¤

Thirdly, many river gypsies are changing their lifestyle in the context of changed reality. They are thinking of living permanently on land.

āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ā§€ā§ŸāĻ¤, āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻ°ā§€āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ˜āĻŸāĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ˛ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

The authority feels that river gypsies need help to survive in the mainstream population. Therefore, the government is offering voting rights, permanent housing and bank loan facilities.

āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ­āĻŦ āĻ•āĻ°āĻ›ā§‡, āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨āĻ—ā§‹āĻˇā§āĻ ā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻāĻ¸ā§‡ āĻŸāĻŋāĻ•ā§‡ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āĻ¯ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ āĻšāĻŦā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖā§‡ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ­ā§‹āĻŸāĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ°, āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻ†āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ‚āĻ•-āĻ‹āĻŖ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

However, changes do not come overnight. Traditionally, river gypsies are used to water life. They have inherited from their forefathers necessary life skills to survive in waters.

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻ°āĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§Ÿ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¯āĻ—āĻ¤āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ , āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ­ā§āĻ¯āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•āĻŸ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻšā§‡āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻž āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ¸ā§‚āĻ¤ā§āĻ°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‡ā§Ÿā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

They have no education and training to adapt to mainstream modern society. So the authority feels the need to bring them under formal education network.

āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻœā§‡āĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ–āĻžāĻĒ āĻ–āĻžāĻ‡ā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ“ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ°āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‡āĻ° āĻ†āĻ“āĻ¤āĻžā§Ÿ āĻ¨āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

But they have no permanent living place. Gypsy children are born and brought up on roaming boats.

āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ‡āĨ¤ āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžā§Ÿ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻšāĻŖ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻŦā§œā§‹ āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤

Therefore, they cannot go to conventional schools. And hence, mobile boat-schools are coming up for gypsy children.

āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛āĻ—ā§āĻ˛ā§‹āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‡āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻž-āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

Some voluntary organizations are running special schools on boats to educate river gypsy children in some areas.

āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ā§‹ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§€ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻŦā§‡āĻĻā§‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨ā§ŒāĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ˛ āĻšāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋā§Ÿā§‡ āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

English āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻž
01.  Various (adj)

02.  Problems (n)

03.  Rapidly (adv)

04.  Population (n)

05.  Threatened (v ph)

06.  Previous (adj)

07.  Waterways (n)

08.  Has Shrunk (v. ph)

09.  Global (adj)

10.  Heavily (adv)

11.  Restricted (adj)

12.  Context (n)

13.  Reality (n)

14.  Permanently (adv)

15.  Authority (n)

16.  Facilities (n)

17.  Forefathers (n)

18.  Necessary (adj)

19.  Adapt (v)

20.  Roaming (adj)

21.  Conventional (adj)

22.  Mobile (adj)

23.  Voluntary (adj)

24.  Organization (n)

25.  Special (adj)

26.  Educative (v)

ā§Ļā§§. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĻ°

ā§Ļā§¨. āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸āĻŽā§‚āĻš

ā§Ļā§Š. āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ—āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§‡

ā§Ļā§Ē. āĻœāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻž

ā§Ļā§Ģ. āĻšā§āĻŽāĻ•āĻŋāĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤

ā§Ļā§Ŧ. āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§€

ā§Ļā§­. āĻœāĻ˛āĻĒāĻĨ

ā§Ļā§Ž. āĻļā§€āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ•ā§€āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻšā§Ÿā§‡ āĻĒā§œā§‡āĻ›ā§‡

ā§Ļā§¯. āĻŦā§ˆāĻļā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•

ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ§āĻŋāĻ•

ā§§ā§§. āĻ¸ā§€āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤

ā§§ā§¨. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻ™ā§āĻ—, āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤, āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻžāĻĒāĻŸ

ā§§ā§Š. āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ¤āĻž

ā§§ā§Ē. āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ÿā§€āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡

ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻ•āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇ

ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§āĻž

ā§§ā§­. āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻˇāĻ—āĻŖ

ā§§ā§Ž. āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§Ÿā§‹āĻœāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ

ā§§ā§¯. āĻ–āĻžāĻĒ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ¨ā§‹

ā§¨ā§Ļ. āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻŽāĻžāĻŖ

ā§¨ā§§. āĻ—āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ—āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ•, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻšāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤

ā§¨ā§¨. āĻ­ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ

ā§¨ā§Š. āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻšā§āĻ›āĻžāĻ¸ā§‡āĻŦā§€

ā§¨ā§Ē. āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—āĻ āĻŖ

ā§¨ā§Ģ. āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§‡āĻˇ

ā§¨ā§Ŧ. āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻž āĻĻā§‡āĻ“ā§ŸāĻž