SSC Unit-3; Lesson-2(B); May Day
May Day or International Workers Day is observed on May 1 all over the world today to commemorate the historical struggle and sacrifices of the working people to establish an eight-hour workday.
āĻĻā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻž āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽ āĻ āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻ°āĻŖā§ā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻāĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻšā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻŽā§ āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§ āĻŽā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¸ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻ°ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻāĻŋ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāĻŦāĻ¸ āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
It is a public holiday in almost all the countries of the world. Since the Industrial Revolution(1) in the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and the US, the workers in mills and factories had been working a long shift, fourteen or even more hours a day.
āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžā§ āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ āĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻ āĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ āĻāĻ¨āĻŋāĻļ āĻļāĻ¤āĻā§āĻ° āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŦā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻ°ā§āĻĒ āĻ āĻāĻŽā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžā§, āĻāĻ˛āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžā§ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻā§āĻ°āĻž āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ¸āĻāĻŋāĻ˛, āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻž āĻā§āĻĻā§āĻĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻ° āĻā§ā§ā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĨ¤
On May 1st in 1886, inspired by the trade unions(2), half of the workers at the Mc Cormic Harvester Company in Chicago went on strike demanding an eight-hour workday.
ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ŧ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻšā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻŽā§ āĻļāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻļāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻ¨ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻšā§ā§ āĻĻā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
Two days later, a workersâ rally was held near the McCormic Hervester Company and about 6000 workers had joined it.
āĻĻā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻ°ā§, āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻāĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻšāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŽā§āĻļāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻāĻž āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻā§ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ¤ā§ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻ¨ā§ā§āĨ¤
The rally was addressed by the labour leaders. They urged the workers to stand together, to go on with their struggle and not to give in to their bosses.
āĻ¸āĻāĻžā§ āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻāĻžāĻˇāĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻāĻāĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻšā§ā§, āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋā§ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻ¨āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĨ¤
Just at this moment some strikebreakers started leaving the meeting place. The strikers went down the street to bring them back. Suddenly about 200 policemen attacked them with clubs and revolvers.
āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻāĻ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžā§ā§ āĻā§ā§āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ¸āĻāĻž āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžā§ āĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻĢāĻŋāĻ°āĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĨ¤ āĻšāĻ āĻžā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžā§ ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻļ āĻ˛āĻžāĻ āĻŋ āĻ āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
One striker was killed instantly, five or six others were seriously wounded and many of them were badly injured.
āĻāĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§, āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ° āĻāĻšāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžā§āĨ¤
The events of May 1, 1886 is a reminder that workers will continue to be exploited until they stand up and speak out to gain better working conditions, better pay and better lives.
āĻĒāĻšā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻŽā§, ā§§ā§Žā§Žā§Ŧ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻ āĻ¯ā§, āĻļā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŋāĻā§āĻ°āĻž āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻļ, āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ¨āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¨āĻž āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ āĻšā§ā§ āĻ¸āĻžāĻšāĻ¸āĻŋāĻāĻ¤āĻž āĻ¸āĻšāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻĒā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻŦā§, āĻ¤āĻ¤āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻļā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŦā§āĨ¤
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
1.International (adj) 2.Observe (v) 3.Commemorate (v) 4.Historical (adj) 5.Struggle (n) 6.Sacrifice (v) 7.Public Holiday (n) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§.āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ ā§¨.āĻāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§Š.āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ°āĻžāĻāĻž ā§Ē.āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ¸āĻŋāĻ ā§Ģ.āĻ¯ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ ā§Ŧ.āĻā§āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§.āĻ¸āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
8. Almost (adv) 9. Inspire (v) 10. Trade (n) 11. Company (n) 12. Strike (n) 13. Demand (v) 14. Join (v) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§Ž. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžā§ ā§¯. āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻŦāĻ¸āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻā§āĻ¯ ā§§ā§§. āĻŦāĻŖāĻŋāĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻ, āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻŖāĻŋ ā§§ā§¨. āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ ā§§ā§Š. āĻĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Ē. āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
15. Stand Together (v) 16. Strike-breakers (n) 17. Meeting (n) 18. Striker (n) 19. Street (n) 20. Seriously (adv) 21. Injured (adj) 22. Continue (v) 23. Exploit (v) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻ¸āĻāĻāĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ ā§§ā§. āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Ž. āĻ§āĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§ ā§§ā§¯. āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻž ā§¨ā§Ļ. āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ ā§¨ā§§. āĻāĻšāĻ¤ ā§¨ā§¨. āĻ¨āĻŋā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋā§ā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻā§āĻž ā§¨ā§Š. āĻļā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻž
|