HSC Unit: 12; Lesson : 3; The Giant Panda
Though they are one of the most beloved animal species on Earth, pandas arenât safe from the devastating effects of climate change.
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According to a new study, projected temperature increases in China over the next century will likely seriously hinder bamboo, almost the sole source of food for endangered pandas.
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Ninety-nine percent of a pandaâs diet is bamboo and an adult panda needs around 38 kilograms of bamboo every day. Only if bamboo can move to new habitats at higher elevations will pandas stand a chance of survival, the researchers said.
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However, if conservation programs wait too long, human inhabitants and activities could claim all of the new habitats capable of supporting bamboo in a warming world.
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âIt is tough, but I think thereâs still hope, if we take action now,â said research team member Jianguo Liu … âIf we wait, then we could be too late.â
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The researchers used various climate-change models to project the future for three bamboo species relied on by pandas in the Qinling Mountain region of China, which represents about a quarter of the total remaining panda habitat.
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These models varied in their specific predictions, but each forecasted some level of temperature rise within the coming century.
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The results suggest that if the bamboo is restricted to its current distribution area, between 80 and 100 percent of it will disappear by the end of the 21st century, because it wonât be able to grow under the increased temperatures.
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If, however, bamboo can move into new, cooler areas (which will reach the same temperatures as current bamboo habitats due to warming), then there is hope.
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However, all depend on the extent to which humans can curtail climate change by limiting greenhouse-gas emissions in the future.
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Many pandas in the wild currently live in nature reserves protected from human encroachment. However, almost all of the land encompassed by those reserves will be unsuitable for the bamboo if the temperatures rise as predicted.
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But if conservationists plan ahead now to move those reserves in line with changing bamboo habitats, then it may be possible to preserve the land the pandas will need.
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And climate change is not the only challenge facing giant pandas, one of the most endangered species in the world, researchers say.
āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžā§ā§ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻ āĻāĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻ¨ā§ āĻ¯āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§āĻ° āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻšā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻā§, āĻāĻŦā§āĻˇāĻ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤
Human activities have already severely limited the animalsâ habitats, and their dependence on a single source of food, one that is not that nutrient – or energy – rich, doesnât help.
āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻš āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻāĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻāĻ°āĻ¤āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°āĻā§, āĻ¯ā§ āĻā§āĻ¸ āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ āĻ¨ā§- āĻāĻ° āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ¨ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻžāĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ¸āĻŦā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤
In addition to their native habitats in China, pandas live around the world in zoos and breeding centers. But Liu doesnât predict a bright future for the bears if they lose their wild habitats.
āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŽā§āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻ˛ āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻāĻžā§āĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻŋā§āĻŋā§āĻž āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨āĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻāĻā§āĻā§āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻĨāĻž āĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¨āĻž āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯-āĻŦāĻ¸āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻžā§āĨ¤
âTo really protect pandas, you cannot just stick [them] into a breeding center or a zoo,â he said, noting that the animalsâ genetic diversity would suffer, among other issues. âThat’s not a long-term solution.â
āĻ āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§ āĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋāĻā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āĻšāĻŦā§â- āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨, âāĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ¤āĻĒāĻā§āĻˇā§ āĻ°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻĒāĻ¨āĻŋ [āĻ¤āĻžāĻĻā§āĻ°āĻā§] āĻļā§āĻ§ā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨ āĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻŋā§āĻŋā§āĻžāĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžā§ āĻĸā§āĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤â āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āĻ¨ā§ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻāĻŽā§ā§āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¨ā§āĨ¤â
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word
1. According 2. Adult 3. Attitude 4. Breading 5. Devastating 6. Elevation 7. Optimistic 8. Pessimistic |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
ā§§āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžā§ā§, āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§ ā§¨āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻĒā§āĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ, āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ ā§ŠāĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻ°āĻŖ, āĻĻā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋ ā§ĒāĨ¤ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻŽāĻĻāĻžāĻ¨, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻ¨āĻ¨ ā§ĢāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻāĻ¸ā§, āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ ā§ŦāĨ¤ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻ¤āĻž, āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻļāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ ā§ŽāĨ¤ āĻ¨ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻļā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§, āĻšāĻ¤āĻžāĻļāĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻĻā§ |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
9. Prediction
10. Projected 11. Specialist 12. Survival 13. Tough 14. Dependence 15. Distribution 16. Diversity 17. Emission |
ā§¯āĨ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻŖā§
ā§§ā§ĻāĨ¤ āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤, āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤ ā§§ā§§āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻˇāĻā§āĻ ā§§ā§¨āĨ¤ āĻā§āĻāĻž, āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻāĻž ā§§ā§ŠāĨ¤ āĻāĻ āĻŋāĻ¨ ā§§ā§ĒāĨ¤āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻāĻ°āĻ¤āĻž, āĻāĻ°āĻ¸āĻž ā§§ā§ĢāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŖā§āĻāĻ¨, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤āĻ°āĻŖ ā§§ā§ŦāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĻ¤āĻž ā§§ā§āĨ¤āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ |
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
18. Encompassed
19. Encroachment 20. Endangered 21. Extent 22. Giant 23. Protect 24. Restricted 25. Unsuitable |
ā§§ā§ŽāĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤
ā§§ā§¯āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¨āĻ§āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦā§āĻļ, āĻŦāĻ˛āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ āĻĻāĻāĻ˛ ā§¨ā§ĻāĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨, āĻāĻĒāĻĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ ā§¨ā§§āĨ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻŋ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°, āĻ¸ā§āĻ¸āĻž ā§¨ā§¨āĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻāĻžā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ ā§¨ā§ŠāĨ¤ āĻ°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§¨ā§ĒāĨ¤ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻŦāĻĻā§āĻ§, āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¤ ā§¨ā§ĢāĨ¤ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻĒāĻ¯ā§āĻā§ |