HSCHSC Seen

HSC Unit : 2 ; Lesson 3; Scientific Breakthroughs We Are Waiting For-I

DNA Computer

Imagine having an iPod capable of holding thousands of years of high definition video. A DNA computer would make such a device very possible.

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DNA is the substance that living organisms use to store genetic information. What makes DNA special is that it is extremely efficient when it comes to storing information in a limited space.

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Just one milligram of DNA is capable of holding all the printed material in the world. DNA computing is currently in its infancy, with prototypes such as MAYA-II only capable of showing the concept.

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If DNA computing is perfected, computers will become capable of holding amounts of information that are hard to imagine by today’s standard.

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Permanent Moon Base

Ever since setting up human habitation in space was first imagined, it was thought that the Moon would be the first object to be colonized since it was closest to earth.

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In 1969, when man first walked on the moon, a permanent colony suddenly appeared to be very achievable.

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However, for a variety of reasons, both economical and technical, the project was never truly attempted. However, NASA currently has plans to have one constructed by 2024.

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European Space Agency (ESA) also has plans to construct a moon base by 2025. Japan and India also each have plans to have a base by 2030. The biggest barrier to a base is money.

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Many people within NASA, including Buzz Aldrin, have criticized the building of a moon base, saying that NASA should put more focus on different issues like clean energy.

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Clean Energy

While many alternatives to fossil fuels have been investigated, there is still quite a way to go before mankind’s energy supply is completely renewable.

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As of today, about 85% of all energy comes from fossil fuels. The reason clean energy is considered to be important is because fossil fuels aren’t expected to last much longer, they pollute the environment, and they have led to tensions between nations.

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The reason clean energy is hard to come by is that we’ve spent the past 150 years dependent on oil, and it’s quite difficult to make the switch.

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Some have even suggested that the technology for producing vast amounts of clean energy already exists but is being suppressed by big oil companies.

āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‰ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋi āĻĒāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§āĻ˛ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ‡āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻŸāĻŋ āĻŦāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ˛ āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡ āĨ¤

However, several European countries have produced considerable amounts of clean energy. Current methods of clean energy include wind, solar, geothermal, tidal, hydro power, nuclear and bio fuel.

āĻ¤āĻŦā§‡ āĻŦā§‡āĻļ āĻ•āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ‡āĻ‰āĻ°ā§‹āĻĒā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĻā§‡āĻļ āĻ¯āĻĨā§‡āĻˇā§āĻŸ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°ā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻ° āĻļāĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§, āĻ¸ā§ŒāĻ°, āĻ­ā§‚-āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒā§€āĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻœā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°, āĻœāĻ˛āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§Ž, āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĻŦāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻœā§ˆāĻŦ āĻœā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§€āĨ¤

Cure for Cancer

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases of the modern era. Ever since the days of Hippocrates people have been searching for a cure.

āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ

āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ†āĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¯ā§āĻ—ā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ°ā§‹āĻ—āĨ¤ āĻšāĻŋāĻĒā§‹āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŸāĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ•āĻ°āĻž āĻ¯āĻžāĻšā§āĻ›ā§‡|

Cancer is similar to the common cold in that although there are many ways to treat it, modern medicine is still yet to come up with a cure.

āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻāĻ•āĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻ“ āĻāĻŸāĻŋāĻ° āĻšāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ•āĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ†āĻ§ā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• JāĻˇāĻ§āĻŸāĻŋ āĻāĻ–āĻ¨āĻ“ āĻāĻ•āĻŸāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ†āĻ¸āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĨ¤

This is partially because like the common cold, there are many different types of cancer, and they are all slightly different.

āĻāĻ‡ āĻ†āĻ‚āĻļāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ¸āĻ°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§‹, āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻ§āĻ°āĻŖā§‡āĻ° āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¸āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤

Unfortunately, with over seven million deaths per year, cancer is much more serious than the common cold.

āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ­āĻžāĻ—ā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ°āĻŽā§‡, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻ›āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§‡āĻ°āĻ“ āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻŽā§ƒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻĨā§‡āĻ•ā§‡ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ• āĻŦā§‡āĻļāĻŋ āĻ—ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ°āĨ¤

A wide assortment of drugs, chemicals, stem cells, genetically modified viruses, and even arsenic have all been proposed as cancer cures.

āĻ“āĻˇā§āĻ§, āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ•, āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ƒāĻ¤ āĻ­āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻ•ā§‹āĻˇ, āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻ—āĻ¤āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ‡āĻ°āĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ°ā§āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¸āĻŦāĻ—ā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ‡ āĻ•ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŦ āĻĻā§‡āĻ“āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ›ā§‡āĨ¤

 

English āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻž
1.Definition

2.Substance

3.Organism

4.Genetic

5.Infancy

6.Prototypes

7.Concept

8.Habitation

1.noun(1) āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž; āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨ; āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻā§‡āĻ° āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŖā§Ÿ;

2./noun/ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§; āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨ; āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļ; āĻ¸āĻžāĻ°āĻžāĻ‚āĻļ

3./noun/ āĻĻā§‡āĻšā§€, āĻœā§€āĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸āĻœā§€āĻŦ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨ

4. /adj/ āĻ¸ā§ƒāĻˇā§āĻŸāĻŋ, āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§€ā§Ÿ

5./noun/ āĻļā§ˆāĻļāĻŦ, (āĻ•ā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ›ā§āĻ°) āĻļā§ˆāĻļāĻŦāĻžāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž

6./noun/ āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻ˛āĻ•āĻŦā§āĻœāĻžāĻ° āĻŽā§‚āĻ˛ āĻ°ā§‚āĻĒā§‡āĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°ā§‚āĻĒ

7./noun/ āĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻž, āĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§Ÿ

8./noun/ āĻŦāĻ¸āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸, āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ—ā§ƒāĻš, āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨

 

English āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻž
9. Colonized

10. Achievable

11. Barrier

12. Criticized

13. Investigated

14. Suppressed

15. Considerable

16. Geothermal

9.  /adjective/ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤;

10.  /adj/ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻ¨āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯; āĻ…āĻ°ā§āĻœāĻ¨ā§€ā§Ÿ;

11.  /noun/ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§āĻ•, āĻ…āĻŦāĻ°ā§‹āĻ§, āĻŦā§‡ā§œāĻž

12.  /verb/ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž; āĻšāĻ°ā§āĻšāĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž; āĻĻā§‡āĻžāĻˇāĻ—ā§āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻ•āĻ°āĻž; āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§‡āĻžāĻšāĻ¨āĻž āĻ•āĻ°āĻž;

13. /adjective/ āĻ…āĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§‡āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤; āĻ…āĻŦā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻŋāĻ¤;

14. /|A / āĻ—ā§‹āĻĒāĻ¨āĻ•ā§ƒāĻ¤; āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§;

15. /adj/ āĻ—āĻŖā§āĻ¯ āĻšāĻ“ā§ŸāĻžāĻ° āĻ¯ā§‹āĻ—ā§āĻ¯; āĻ—āĻŖā§āĻ¯āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯

16.  /adj/ āĻ­ā§‚-āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒā§€ā§Ÿ;

 

English āĻŦāĻžāĻ‚āĻ˛āĻž
19. Tidal

20. Partially

21. Assortment

22. Proposed

19.  /adj/ āĻœā§‹āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ°

20. /adv/ āĻ†āĻ‚āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦā§‡, āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāĻ¤, āĻĒāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻšāĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§‡

21. noun/ āĻ­āĻžāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ°; āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨āĻž āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§‡āĻ° āĻœāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¸ā§‡āĻ° āĻāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻŦā§‡āĻļ; āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻ—ā§āĻ°āĻš; āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻœāĻ¨; āĻ°āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāĻ°āĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛; āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻļā§āĻ°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻ•ā§āĻ¤ āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŦā§āĻ¯;

22.  /adjective/ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ¤; āĻ‰āĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤; āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāĻ¤; āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāĻ¤;