Unit: 11; Lesson -2 (B); Renewable Energy sources-3
Countries of the world rely heavily on petroleum, coal and natural gas for their energy sources. There are two major types of energy sources: renewable and nonrenewable. Hydro-carbon or fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy.
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Reliance on them poses real big problems. First, fossil fuels such as oil, coal, gas etc, are finite energy resources and the world eventually will run out of them.
āĻāĻ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻāĻ°āĻļā§āĻ˛āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻŦā§ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻĨāĻŽāĻ¤, āĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻļā§āĻŽ āĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻŽāĻ¨- āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛, āĻā§āĻ˛āĻž, āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ˛ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŦā§ āĻ¨āĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻŦā§ā§ āĻ¤āĻž āĻšāĻžāĻ°āĻŋā§ā§ āĻĢā§āĻ˛āĻŦā§āĨ¤
Secondly, they will become too expensive in the coming decades and too damaging for the environment to repair. Thirdly, fossil fuels have direct polluting impacts on earthâs environment causing global warming.
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In contrast, renewable energy sources such as, wind and solar energy are constantly and naturally replenished and never run out. Most renewable energy comes either directly or indirectly from the sun.
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Sunlight or solar energy can be used for heating and lighting homes, for generating electricity and for other commercial and industrial uses. T
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The sunâs heat drives the wind and this wind energy can be captured with wind turbines to produce electricity. Then the wind and the sunâs heat cause water to evaporate.
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When this water vapour turns into rain or snow and flows downhill into rivers or streams, its energy can be captured as hydroelectric energy.
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Along with the rain and snow, sunlight causes plants to grow. Plants produce biomass which again can be turned into fuels such as fire wood, alcohol, etc identified as bio energy.
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Scientists have identified Hydrogen as another form of renewable energy source. It is the most abundant element in nature.
āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻšāĻžāĻāĻĄā§āĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻ¨āĻā§ āĻ¨āĻŦāĻžā§āĻ¨āĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ¯ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ°ā§āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§ āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĻ¨āĨ¤āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻž āĻ¯āĻžā§āĨ¤
But it does not exist separately as a gas. It is always combined with other elements, such as with oxygen to make water. Hydrogen, separated from another element, can be burned as a fuel to produce electricity.
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Our Earthâs interior contains molten lava with tremendous heat. This heat inside the Earth produces steam and hot water which can be tapped as geothermal energy to produce electricity, for heating home, etc.
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Ocean energy comes from several sources. Oceanâs force of tide and wave can be used to produce energy. The surface of the ocean gets more heat from the sun than the ocean depths.
āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽā§ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻĨā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ¸ā§āĨ¤ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻ āĻ¤āĻ°āĻā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻž āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ° āĻ¤āĻ˛āĻĻā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžā§āĨ¤
This temperature difference can be used as energy source too.
āĻāĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻĒāĻžāĻĨā§āĻā§āĻ¯ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻā§āĻ¸ āĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§āĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšā§āĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
Vocabulary
01. Rely on (v) 02. Renewable (adj) 03. Non- renewable (adj) 04. Fossil (n) 05. Fuel (n) 06. Reliance (n) 07. Eventually (adj) 08. Expensive (adj) 09. Decade (n) 10. Pollute (v) 11. Replenish (v) 12. Capture (v) 13. Evaporate (v) 14. Identify (v) 15. Separately (adv) 16. Contain (v) 17. Molten (adj) 18. Extreme (adj) 19. Surface (n) 20. Difference (n) |
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