Unit: 5; LESSON 3: MAN AND CLIMATE
Humans can neither change the sun’s radiation nor the earth’s orbit around the sun. But they can control the increase in the amount of greenhouse gases and its effect on the atmosphere.
āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§ āĻĒā§āĻĨāĻŋāĻŦā§āĻ° āĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻĨ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§ āĻ¨āĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻŦ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
Only during the last hundred years the carbon dioxide concentration has been raised alarmingly in the atmosphere and we humans can be held responsible for this.
āĻļā§āĻ§ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻļ āĻŦāĻāĻ°ā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āĻĄāĻŧā§āĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻšāĻ¤ā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ°āĻŋāĨ¤
The main cause of the increase in carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere is the burning of fossil fuels.
āĻŦāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻļā§āĻŽ āĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĨ¤
Since the end of the 19th century, industrial activities increased rapidly giving rise to many factories.
āĻāĻ¨āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻļ āĻļāĻ¤āĻžāĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ° āĻļā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻĻāĻŋāĻ āĻĨā§āĻā§, āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ°āĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻŽ āĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
These factories required energy, which was produced through the combustion of coal.
āĻāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛, āĻ¯āĻž āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛āĻžāĻ° āĻĻāĻšāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻŽā§ āĻā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¤āĨ¤
Besides coal other sources of energy such as mineral oil and natural gas were also burned to heat our houses, run cars and airplanes or to produce electricity.
āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ˛āĻž āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ° āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻŽ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§, āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§ āĻā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤
Nowadays, 85 million barrels of crude oil are burned daily. Every time a fossil raw material is burned, it releases carbon dioxide into the air.
āĻāĻāĻāĻžāĻ˛, āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ ā§Žā§Ģ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻ˛ āĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻļā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻļā§āĻŽ āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻā§āĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
Therefore, it is clear that more and more greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide are being generated
worldwide by humans.
āĻ āĻ¤āĻāĻŦ, āĻāĻāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āĻ āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄā§āĻ° āĻŽāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻ°āĻ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĒā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇā§āĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻžāĨ¤
Moreover, we are also strengthening the greenhouse effect by deforestation which means cutting down trees.
āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻž, āĻāĻŽāĻ°āĻž āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻāĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ¨āĻšāĻžāĻāĻ¸ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻŦāĻā§ āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ°āĻāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻĨ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻā§āĻā§ āĻĢā§āĻ˛āĻžāĨ¤
Every year enormous areas of forests are destroyed by people to obtain wood and to clear regions for mining and to create pasture.
āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŦāĻāĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻšā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻž āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖāĻā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻ°āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻˇ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĻž āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
This loss of the forest causes dual problems. Trees that are burned up release large volume of carbon dioxide gas into the air.
āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤ āĻ¯ā§ āĻāĻžāĻāĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ° āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¸ āĻā§āĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
On the other hand, an important carbon dioxide storehouse is destroyed with the forests as forests absorb a lot of carbon dioxide from the air and deliver oxygen instead.
āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§, āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻžāĻ° āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻāĻ¸ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¸ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻĄāĻžāĻ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻžāĻāĻĄ āĻļā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻāĻ°ā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨ āĻ¸āĻ°āĻŦāĻ°āĻžāĻš āĻāĻ°ā§āĨ¤
English | āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
Vocabulary
01.  Radition (n) 02.  Orbit (n) 03.  Increase (v) 04.  Concentration (n) 05.  Raise (v) 06.  Cause (n) 07.  Rapidly (adv) 08.  Combustion (n) 09.  Crude (adj) 10.  Raw Material (n) 11.  Generate (v) 12.  Strengthen (v) 13.  Deforestation (n) 14.  Enormous (adj) 15.  Destroy (v) 16.  Release (v) 17.  Absorb (v) 18.  Instead of (adv) |
āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻāĻžāĻ°
ā§Ļā§§. āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ°āĻŖ ā§Ļā§¨. āĻāĻā§āĻˇāĻĒāĻĨ ā§Ļā§Š. āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ§āĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻā§āĻž ā§Ļā§Ē. āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻāĻŦāĻ¨, āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻāĻ°āĻŖ ā§Ļā§Ģ. āĻāĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§Ļā§Ŧ. āĻāĻžāĻ°āĻŖ ā§Ļā§. āĻĻā§āĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ā§ ā§Ļā§Ž. āĻĻāĻšāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻā§āĻ°āĻŋā§āĻž ā§Ļā§¯. āĻ āĻļā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻāĻžāĻāĻāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ˛, āĻ āĻļā§āĻ§āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ ā§§ā§§. āĻā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§¨. āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋā§ āĻāĻ°āĻž, āĻŦā§āĻāĻŦāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Š. āĻŦāĻ¨ āĻāĻāĻžāĻ°āĻāĻ°āĻŖ, āĻŦāĻ¨āĻļā§āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻāĻ°āĻ¨ ā§§ā§Ē. āĻ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ°āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¤ ā§§ā§Ģ. āĻ§ā§āĻŦāĻāĻˇ āĻāĻ°āĻž ā§§ā§Ŧ. āĻāĻžā§āĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻž ā§§ā§. āĻļā§āĻˇā§ āĻ¨ā§āĻā§āĻž ā§§ā§Ž. āĻŦāĻĻāĻ˛ā§ |