HSC Unit One: 2 Lesson: Nelson Mandela, from apartheid fighter to president
15 December 2013
JOHANNESBURG (Reuters)-
Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial democracy, as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world.
15 āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ° 2013
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Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela never lost his resolve to fight for his people civil war. His prestige and charisma helped him win the support of the world.
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I hate race discrimination most intensely and in all its manifestations. I have fought it all during my life; I will fight it now, and will do so until the end of my days, Mandela said in his acceptance speech on becoming South Africa’s first black president in 1994, The time for the healing of the wounds has come. The moment to bridge the chasms that divide us has come.
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We have, at last, achieved our political emancipation. In 1993, Mandela was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, an honor he shared with F.W. de Klerk, the white African leader who had freed him from prison three years earlier and negotiated the end of apartheid.
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Mandela went on to play a prominent role on the world stage as an advocate of human dignity in the face of challenges ranging from political repression to AIDS. He formally left public life in June 2004 before his 86th birthday, telling his adoring countrymen: Don’t call me. I’ll call you. But he remained one of the world’s most revered public figures, combining celebrity sparkle with an unwavering message of freedom, respect and human rights.
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He is at the epicenter of our time, ours in South Africa, and yours, wherever you are, Nadine Gordimer, the South African writer and Nobel Laureate for Literature, once remarked.
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The years Mandela spent behind bars made him the world’s most celebrated political prisoner and a leader of mythic stature for millions of black South Africans and other oppressed people far beyond his country’s borders. Charged with capital offences in the 1963 Rivonia Trial, his statement from the dock was his political testimony.
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During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination.
āĻāĻŽāĻžāĻ° āĻā§āĻŦāĻĻā§āĻĻāĻļāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻĢā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖā§āĻ° āĻāĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŽā§āĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻā§āĻā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻāĻ§āĻŋāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ˛āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋ, āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ§āĻŋāĻĒāĻ¤ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ˛āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĨ¤
I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities, he told the court. It is an ideal I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.
āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻ¤ā§ āĻāĻŖāĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ°āĻŋāĻ āĻ āĻŽā§āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻā§āĻ° āĻāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āĻ¨ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻāĻŋ, āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯ā§āĻā§āĻ° āĻ¸āĻžāĻĨā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻāĻ°ā§, āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻ˛āĻ¤āĻā§ āĻŦāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻāĻā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ āĻ°ā§āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ° āĻāĻļāĻž āĻāĻ°āĻŋ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāĨ¤ āĻ¤āĻŦā§ āĻ¯āĻĻāĻŋ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻŦā§ āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽāĻ°āĻ¤ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤āĨ¤
Friends adored Mandela and fondly called him Madiba, the clan name by which he was known. People lauded his humanity, kindness and dignity.
āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ°āĻž āĻŽā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻĒāĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ āĻāĻ°āĻ¤ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻ¤āĻžāĻā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻĻā§āĻŦāĻž āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽā§ āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛, āĻāĻ āĻŦāĻāĻļā§āĻ° āĻ¨āĻžāĻŽ āĻ¯āĻžāĻ° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋ āĻĒāĻ°āĻŋāĻāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻ¨āĨ¤ āĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻāĻ° āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨āĻŦāĻ¤āĻž, āĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻļāĻāĻ¸āĻž āĻāĻ°ā§āĻā§āĨ¤
English | āĻŦāĻāĻ˛āĻž |
New Word:
1. Shackles (n) 2. Apartheid (n) 3. Multi-racial (adj) 4. Democracy (n) 5. Reconciliation (n) 6. Prestige (n) 7. Charisma (n) 8. Intensely (adv) |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
1.āĻļāĻŋāĻāĻ˛ 2.āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻŦā§āĻļ 3.āĻŦāĻšā§āĻāĻžāĻ¤āĻŋā§ 4.āĻāĻŖāĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ° 5.āĻĒā§āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŽāĻŋāĻ˛āĻ¨ 6. āĻā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋ 7. āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžāĻ°āĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻŋāĻāĻž 8. āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ |
English | evsjv |
New Word:
9. Manifestation (n) 10. Wound (n) 11. Chasms (n) 12. Prominent (adj) 13. Advocate (v) 14. Repression (a) 15. Revered (n) 16. Epicenter (n) |
9. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻāĻžāĻļ/ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻļ 10. āĻā§āĻˇāĻ¤ 11. āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻ˛ 12. āĻŦāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ 13. āĻ¸āĻšāĻžā§āĻ¤āĻž 14. āĻļā§āĻˇāĻ¨ 15. āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ 16. āĻā§āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ |
English | evsjv |
New Word:
17. Mythic 18. Stature 19. Oppressed 20. Testimony 21. Domination 22. Harmony 23. Lauded 24. Dignity |
āĻ¨āĻ¤ā§āĻ¨ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ
17. āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻžāĻŖ 18. āĻĻā§āĻšāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻ¤āĻž 19. āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ 20. āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻāĻžāĻāĻžāĻ° 21. āĻļāĻžāĻ¸āĻ¨ 22. āĻ¸āĻĻā§āĻ¸ā§āĻ¯, āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¨ 23. āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻžāĻ¨āĻžāĻ¨ā§ 24. āĻŽāĻ°ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻĻāĻž |
Prepared & Translated By
Md. Rokon Uddin (Rumon)
MBA. BA Honâs (English)
Mobile: 01911303229
Email: rumonscb@gmail.com